rexresearch1
Harold "Sonny" WHITE
Casimir Power Cell
Casimir Power Cell
https://casimirspace.com/
info@casimirspace.com
Casimir Space
TURNING QUANTUM FIELD ENERGY INTO A CONTINUOUS SOURCE OF POWER
At Casimir, we are pioneering a new era of energy generation with our breakthrough nanotechnology. Our proprietary Casimir cavities harness fluctuations in the quantum field to produce continuous power — a technology akin to a solar panel that works in the dark or a battery that never needs to be recharged.
By engineering the Casimir cavity with an array of conductive pillars along the midplane, we’ve achieved a design that maintains a stable electrostatic potential, where the pillars hold a negative voltage relative to the cavity walls. This innovation unlocks sustained energy output at the nanoscale.
We’ve developed multiple classes of working chips, each tailored for different applications. Our compact chips, smaller than a thumbnail, deliver 150 microwatts — providing 30 millivolts and 5 milliamps — enough to power devices like key fobs, Apple AirTags, I0T sensors, medical monitors, and more.
This technology is fully scalable: by layering devices on chip substrates and employing die-stacking techniques, we can achieve higher voltages and currents suitable for mobility, aerospace, and industrial applications.
Casimir is turning the once-theoretical into the practical — creating continuous power solutions for the devices and systems of tomorrow.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9mLICnWEpU
Joe Rogan Experience #2318 - Harold "Sonny" White
Dr. Harold “Sonny” White is a physicist and aerospace engineer specializing in advanced propulsion, particularly warp drive physics. Formerly leading NASA’s Advanced Propulsion Team at Johnson Space Center, he is now the founder and CEO of Casimir, a deep-tech startup focused on developing breakthrough power-generating nanotechnology. Casimir’s innovations have the potential to transform sustainable energy on Earth and may lay the groundwork for future advancements in interstellar propulsion systems ...Casimir force and how they are using it with nano structures and tunneling to generate power (analogous to solar panel, didn't cite the power source) 1.5V @ 25uA output from pinky-nail sized chip (37uW)...
https://deepfuture.tech/casimir/
Casimir
A couple years ago, I went to visit my buddy Sonny White at the Limitless Space Institute in Houston. A small lab where they have made discoveries in advanced physics, using the Casimir effect for warp drive. Faster than light travel is incredibly cool stuff, but remains science fiction that we can’t yet implement.
Laying on the desk by his atomic force microscope was a computer chip with some alligator clips hanging off of it. Sonny off-handedly said “this is kind of cool” and hooked it up to a voltage meter. It wasn’t much, but you could see that some juice was coming out of the chip. There was no battery in the circuit. No power source of any kind. Sonny had invented a way to get energy using the Casimir effect...
https://phys.org/news/2017-04-harness-mysterious-casimir-tiny-devices.html
Researchers harness mysterious Casimir force for tiny devices
Getting something from nothing sounds like a good deal, so for years scientists have been trying to exploit the tiny amount of energy that arises when objects are brought very close together. It's a source of energy so obscure it was once derided as a fanciful source of "perpetual motion." Now, a research team including Princeton scientists has found a way to harness a mysterious force of repulsion, which is one aspect of that force.
This energy, predicted seven decades ago by the Dutch scientist Hendrik Casimir, arises from quantum effects and can be seen experimentally by placing two opposing plates very close to each other in a vacuum. At close range, the plates repel each other, which could be useful to certain technologies. Until recently, however, harnessing this "Casimir force" to do anything useful seemed impossible.
A new silicon chip built by researchers at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Princeton University is a step toward harnessing the Casimir force. Using a clever assembly of micron-sized shapes etched into the plates, the researchers demonstrated that the plates repel as they are brought close together. Constructing this device entirely out of a single silicon chip could open the way to using the Casimir force for practical applications such as keeping tiny machine parts from sticking to each other. The work was published in the February issue of the journal Nature Photonics.
"This is among the first experimental verifications of the Casimir effect on a silicon chip," said Alejandro Rodriguez, an assistant professor of electrical engineering at Princeton University, who provided theoretical calculations for the device, which was built by a team led by Ho Bun Chan at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. "And it also allows you to make measurements of forces in very nontrivial structures like these that cause repulsion. It is a double-whammy."
The silicon structure looks like two plates lined with teeth that face each other across a tiny gap which is only about 100 nanometers wide. (A human hair is 60,000-80,000 nanometers wide.) As the two plates are pushed closer together, the Casimir force comes into play and pushes them apart.
This repulsive effect happens without any input of energy and to all appearances, in a vacuum. These characteristics led this energy to be called "zero-point energy." They also fueled earlier claims that the Casimir force could not exist because its existence would imply some sort of perpetual motion, which would be impossible according to the laws of physics.
The force, which has since been experimentally confirmed to exist, arises from the normal quantum fluctuations of the few atoms that persist in the chasm despite the evacuation of all the air.
The team demonstrated that it is possible to build a device in silicon to control the Casimir force.
"Our paper shows that it is possible to control the Casimir force using structures of complex, tailor-made shapes," said Ho Bun Chan, senior author on the paper and a scientist at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. His team drew on earlier work by Rodriguez published in 2008 that proposed shapes that would be expected to yield a Casimir force that could both attract and repel. "This paper is the experimental realization using a structure inspired by Rodriguez's design," Chan said.
Rodriguez and his team at Princeton developed techniques that allowed the researchers to compute interactions between two parallel plates as they approach each other. With these tools, they were then able to explore what would happen if more complex geometries were used. This led to some of the first predictions of a repulsive Casimir force in 2008.
The Rodriguez group used nanophotonic techniques, which involved measuring how light would interact with the structures, to get at the complex equations of how the force arises from the interaction of two plates.
The silicon device included a small mechanical spring that the researchers used to measure the force between the two plates, and to verify that the quantum force can be repulsive. The roughly T-shaped silicon teeth are what allow the repulsive force to form. The repulsion comes from how different parts of the surface interact with the opposite surface.
"We tried to think about what kind of shapes Chan's group would have to fabricate to lead to a significant repulsive force, so we did some background studies and calculations to make sure they would see enough non-monotonicity as to be measurable,"
Going forward, the researchers plan to explore other configurations that may give rise to even larger repulsive forces and more well-defined repulsion at larger separations.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nphoton.2016.254
Nature Photonics (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2016.254
Measurement of non-monotonic Casimir forces between silicon nanostructures,
L. Tang et al.
Abstract -- Casimir forces are of fundamental interest because they originate from quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field1. Apart from controlling this force via the optical properties of materials2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11, a number of novel geometries have been proposed to generate repulsive and/or non-monotonic Casimir forces between bodies separated by vacuum gaps12,13,14. Experimental realization of these geometries, however, is hindered by the difficulties in alignment when the bodies are brought into close proximity. Here, using an on-chip platform with integrated force sensors and actuators15, we circumvent the alignment problem and measure the Casimir force between two surfaces with nanoscale protrusions. We demonstrate that the force depends non-monotonically on the displacement. At some displacements, the Casimir force leads to an effective stiffening of the nanomechanical spring. Our findings pave the way for exploiting the Casimir force in nanomechanical systems using structures of complex and non-conventional shapes.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nphoton.2016.277
Nature Photonics (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2016.277
Fundamental optics: On-chip Casimir effect
Kimball A. Milton.
Measurement of the forces that arise from quantum vacuum fluctuations between closely spaced surfaces typically requires large apparatus, making applications difficult. Now, an experiment on a silicon chip to measure the Casimir force has been realized..
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atGD9dIgYgg
Casimir Zero-Point Energy & Warp Drives | Harold “Sonny” White
Tim Ventura
Dr. Harold "Sonny" White just put zero-point energy on a chip, and explains how the Casimir effect will revolutionize energy, electronics, and propulsion technologies.
Dr. White's new startup, Casimir, is a deep-tech startup focused on developing breakthrough power-generating nanotechnology. More specifically, his team has developed a method of generating small amounts of electrical energy by harnessing the Casimir Effect.
In other words, Dr. White has found a way to extract usable power from vacuum energy, often described as "zero-point energy". That by itself is groundbreaking - but what's just as remarkable is the method he's using to do it: nanoscale structures built much like the transistors in a computer chip.
The amount of power he's generating is miniscule, but just like the first transistors, over time what "starts as a drop" may become a flood of energy. In the meantime, he's developing commercial applications for low-power electronics devices that can leverage small amounts of energy for mission-critical tasks in space, medicine, and more.
What Dr. White's team has learned from harnessing the Casimir Effect may also have applications for future warp-drive design. As one of the foremost advocates for advanced propulsion concepts in the scientific community, he's already working on the best way to apply today's ZPE to tomorrow's Star Trek future.
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2021/12/sonny-white-claims-nanoscale-warp-bubble-is-possible.html
Dr Sonny White Theorizes Nanoscale Casimir Structures With Warp Bubble Effects
December 9, 2021 by Brian Wang
Dr. Sonny White has DARPA funding to explore tiny cavities that are built to create casimir force effects and White has proposed that building a one-micron sphere in the middle of a 4-micron cylinder will have nanoscale warp bubble effects. This could be buildable using a nanoscribe GT 3D printer that prints at the nanometer scale.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q24-qjGV7fc
Sonny White - Power and Propulsion Implications of the Dynamic Vacuum Model // Alt Propulsion
https://www.limitlessspace.org/
Limitless Space
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HM_13s781cY
Propulsion Energy Forum with Dr. Harold Sonny White
Limitless Space Institute
On August 9, 2021, Dr. Harold White spoke at the Propulsion Energy Forum. Subject was mainly on some recent unexpected analysis findings related to space warps!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_G._White
Harold G. "Sonny" White
(born October 8, 1965) is a mechanical engineer, aerospace engineer, and applied physicist who is known for proposing new Alcubierre drive concepts and promoting advanced propulsion projects.
Educational
White obtained a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from University of South Alabama, an M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Wichita State University in 1999,[1] and a Ph.D. degree in Physics from Rice University in 2008.[2][3]
Alcubierre "warp" drive
White attracted the attention of the press when he began presenting his ideas at space conventions and publishing proposals for Alcubierre drive concepts. In 2011, he released a paper titled Warp Field Mechanics 101 that outlined an updated concept of Miguel Alcubierre's faster-than-light propulsion concept, including methods to prove the feasibility of the project. Alcubierre's concept had been considered infeasible because it required far more power than any viable energy source could produce. White re-calculated the Alcubierre concept and proposed that if the warp bubble around a spacecraft were shaped like a torus, it would be much more energy efficient and make the concept feasible. White has stated that "warp travel" has not yet seen a "Chicago Pile-1" experiment, a reference to the very first nuclear reactor, the breakthrough demonstration that paved the way for nuclear power.[4][5][6]
To investigate the feasibility of a warp drive, White and his team have designed a warp field interferometer test bed to demonstrate warp field phenomena. The experiments are taking place at NASA's Advanced Propulsion Physics Laboratory ("Eagleworks") at the Johnson Space Center.[5] White and his team claim that this modified Michelson interferometer will detect distortion of spacetime, a warp field effect.[7]
In May 2021 White and his team announced that they might have found the right configuration required to test a "chip-scale" Alcubierre drive.[8][9][10]
EmDrive
In April 2015, the space enthusiast website NASASpaceFlight.com announced, based on a post on their site's forum by NASA Eagleworks engineer Paul March, that NASA had successfully tested their EM Drive in a hard vacuum – which would be the first time any organization has claimed such a successful test.[11] In November, 2016, Harold White, along with other colleagues at NASA's Eagleworks program published their findings on the proposed EM Drive.[12] The proposed principle of operation for this device was shown to be inconsistent with known laws of physics, including conservation of momentum and conservation of energy. No plausible theory of operation for such drives has been proposed.[13][14][15][16][17][18]
In March 2021, physicists at the Dresden University of Technology published three papers claiming that all results showing thrust were false positives, explained by outside forces.[19]
Other works
White and his team are also working on several other "breakthrough space technology" projects, including a new thruster concept, another concept White claims works by utilizing effects predicted by quantum mechanics. To support this research, White's team also is developing a "micro-balance" that is capable of measuring the extremely small forces predicted to be produced by this thruster. To calibrate this balance the team plans to repeat an unsuccessful 2006 Woodward effect experiment, this time using the new micro-balance.[20]
Awards
In 2006, White was awarded the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal by the NASA administrator for his role in getting the Thermal Protection System robotic inspection tools built, delivered, and certified during the Space Shuttle's return to flight.[3] White has also received the Silver Snoopy Award from the NASA crew office for "his actions in the discovery and disposition of critical damage to the robotic arm prior to the Space Shuttle STS-121 mission."[3]
US12302769 // WO2024254457
Casimir power cell
Inventor: WHITE HAROLD
Applicant: LIMITLESS SPACE INST
[ PDF ]
Casimir power cell
Inventor: WHITE HAROLD
Applicant: LIMITLESS SPACE INST
[ PDF ]
A battery includes a Casimir-effect powered cell (Casimir cell). The Casimir cell includes a first conductive wall; a second conductive wall that faces the first conductive wall; and a conductive antenna disposed in a cavity gap that is a space between the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall. The conductive antennal faces the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall. The first conductive wall and the second conductive wall produce a same first voltage potential. The conductive antenna produces a second voltage potential that is different from the first voltage potential. A voltage that is the difference between the first voltage potential and the second voltage potential is generated by Casimir phenomenon based on arrangement of the conductive antenna between the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall.
BACKGROUND
If one were to understand the natural world as a Venn diagram, the diagram would consist of two circles touching at a tangent point. In the two-circle diagram, one circle would be General Relativity (GR) and the other circle would be Quantum Field Theory (QFT). These two circles represent the two standard models of physics that can explain the natural world. GR is the study of the macroscopic world at the cosmological scale and helps to understand how stars and galaxies move. QFT, on the other hand, is the study of the microscopic world; how atoms and electrons behave; how light interacts with matter; a scale where matter exhibits both properties of particles and waves. The fact that these two circles touch at a tangent point is an indication that QFT has been made relativistic by means of the Dirac Equation, whereby Special Relativity (SR) is incorporated. This current state-of-affairs of the Venn diagram suggests that there is a larger circle that circumscribes the existing circles whereby a more complete and generalized understanding of the natural world is represented.
The concept of a generalized and comprehensive understanding of nature is often referred to as Grand Unified Theory (GUT). However, in smaller steps, a model developed in the literature called the dynamic vacuum model is a possible illustration of expanding the Venn diagram. This enhanced Venn diagram would now consist of three circles like a two-dimensional projection of Borromean rings, with the additional qualifier that two of the three rings only touch at a tangent point. In this scenario, the dynamic vacuum model circle partly intersects both the GR and QFT circles, but also encircles a region not enclosed by either of the GR and QFT circles. With this situation, the dynamic vacuum model can explain physical properties that neither GR nor QFT does.
One concept that the dynamic vacuum model can explain is harvesting energy from empty space in microscopic scale. This is different from the case of solar cells where photons excite electron-hole pairs and generate electricity. A device that can harvest energy from empty space into practical electric power would be of high importance for replacing fossil fuels and for situations where traditional renewable energy (e.g., solar, wind, geothermal, etc.) cannot be used.
SUMMARY
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor it is intended to be used as an aid in limiting the scope of the claimed subject matter.
This disclosure presents, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a battery that includes a Casimir-effect powered cell (Casimir cell). The Casimir cell includes: a first conductive wall; a second conductive wall that faces the first conductive wall; and a conductive antenna disposed in a cavity gap that is a space between the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall. The conductive antenna faces the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall. The first conductive wall and the second conductive wall produce a same first voltage potential. The conductive antenna produces a second voltage potential that is different from the first voltage potential. A voltage that is the difference between the first voltage potential and the second voltage potential is generated by Casimir phenomenon based on arrangement of the conductive antenna between the first conductive wall and second conductive wall.
In another aspect, this disclosure also presents, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a method for making a Casimir cell. The method includes: etching a substrate to create a first conductive wall on the substrate; etching the substrate to create a second conductive wall on the substrate such that the second conductive wall faces the first conductive wall; and etching the substrate to create a conductive antenna disposed in a cavity gap that is a space between the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall. The conductive antenna faces the first conductive wall and the second conductive wall. The first conductive wall and the second conductive wall are etched to be electrically connected and have a same first voltage potential. The conductive antenna is etched to have a second voltage potential that is different from the first voltage potential....