Century 10, Quatrain 66 --


The super-equake comes later, and the Brit Isles half-sink...

---

http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/s/1387888_amateur_weatherman_predicts_january_could_be_the_coldest_since_1740
December 02, 2010


Britain should be prepared for more snow chaos according to a local forecaster who believes January could be the coldest in 270 years.

Amateur weatherman Harry Kershaw, 84, from Sale, correctly predicted that last winter would be similar to the 1979 Winter of Discontent.

Now he believes the coming January could be as bad as in 1740, when the Thames froze in London and daytime temperatures failed to rise above -9C.

He said: "Between August and October the weather seemed to be the same as 1986, which was followed by the coldest January since 1740.

"I believe the last three weeks of January and the first week of February next year could be the coldest we’ve had for 270 years."

Harry, who began forecasting as a merchant seaman, uses a system developed by the German army during the Second World War known as ‘similarity forecasting'.

He matches conditions with those of previous years and then predicts that future weather will follow a similar pattern – often with uncanny accuracy.

In early 2007, his predictions of a miserable summer were at odds with official forecasts, but he was right. He also warned of wet weather last year when the Met Office told us to prepare for a ‘barbecue summer’.

Harry says there have been similarities between August and November with the conditions before the bad winter of 1987, such as matches in the Atlantic weather maps.

The January of 1987 was the worst since 1740, when it was so cold that pigs were roasted at a fair on the frozen Thames.

Harry believes the current cold spell will last until about December 7, when the weather will start to get milder. He believes Christmas Day could be wet. He added: ""I’m looking forward to seeing if I'm right. If my forecast is correct it shows that this is a good system and should be looked at carefully."

---

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/topics/weather/8185846/Big-freeze-causes-havoc-in-Scotland.html



Hundreds of motorists were stranded in their cars overnight and children forced to sleep in their schools as the death toll from freezing weather in Britain rose to nine.

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http://www.philly.com/inquirer/health_science/daily/20101023_A_tiny_zap_to_improve_memory_.html?viewAll=y
Oct. 23, 2010

Wait - isn't that the guy from. . . . It's Shawn something. Or was it John?

Then comes the awkward stammer. Perhaps a discreet peek at the person's name tag. The rising panic!

It is one of society's most common vexations. Forgetting a name. Now, scientists at Temple University and the University of Pennsylvania have hit on an intriguing remedy: a weak dose of electricity to the head.

The amount of current is just 1.5 milliamperes, barely enough to provoke a faint tingling on the scalp, yet it seemed to work in a study, published this month in the journal Neuropsychologia. Young adults were markedly better at recalling the names of semifamous people while receiving the small doses of electricity, prompting the researchers to launch a new study of older people.

The technique is called transcranial direct current stimulation, and it is being studied as a treatment for a range of ills, among them depression, attention-deficit disorder, and stroke. At Penn, scientists are planning to try the technique this fall on stroke patients with aphasia - a brain disorder marked by a reduced ability to speak. A companion technology, transcranial magnetic stimulation, is FDA-approved to treat depression, though the effects are modest.

Perhaps inevitably, nonscientists who hear about these techniques tend to bring up the 1975 movie One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, in which Jack Nicholson's character receives electroconvulsive therapy - a technique designed to induce a seizure.

Yet the amount of electricity used in the Temple-Penn study was a tiny fraction of what is used today in electroconvulsive therapy, which in turn is much less than what was depicted in the film.

In fact, the amount of current used in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is so small that some scientists were initially skeptical that it would be useful, said James Stinear, a neurophysiologist at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago.

Stinear, who is studying the use of tDCS to help stroke patients regain use of their limbs, said hundreds of studies had now found the technique to have potential for brain-related ills.

"I think the skeptics have now been pretty much put to rest by some good studies," Stinear said, adding that much work needs to be done to understand just what is happening.

The way this mild stimulation seems to work is by making neurons more likely to fire, said Temple psychologist Ingrid Olson, senior author of the name-recall study. No adverse effects have been found.

"It kind of makes them more ready to act," she said of the neurons.

In Olson's study, the electric current was delivered via the scalp to the brain's anterior temporal lobes, which are located just in front of the ears. People were shown dozens of photographs of famous and semifamous people while being subjected to three conditions: current to the right side, to the left side, and a "sham" condition in which the power was turned off.

The stimulation had no apparent impact on overall accuracy, likely because many of the celebrities were instantly recognizable, so there was no room for improvement, Olson said.

But when the scientists analyzed those celebrities who took people more than five seconds to identify, the stimulation did seem to make a difference. When receiving current to the right side of the head, the subjects were correct 38 percent of the time - up from 27 percent accuracy in the sham condition.

The researchers think the effect was seen on the right side because the right anterior temporal lobe plays a role in processing information about people's identities.

The 15 research subjects were ages 19 to 37, and some of them could apparently use a refresher course in current events. One celebrity that caused many to stumble was former British Prime Minister Tony Blair.

"You know you've seen him before," Olson said, "but remembering who he is hard for Americans."

Another puzzler for this younger crowd was that sex symbol of yore, Mae West. Everyone knew former President John F. Kennedy.

The 1.5 milliamperes were delivered to the scalp via pads soaked in saline solution. The amount of electricity is less than one-tenth of the current flowing through the earbuds on an iPod, said Richard A. Di Dio, who teaches physics at La Salle University and did not take part in the study..

While the current boosted the subjects' recall of famous names, it did not seem to affect their ability to identify famous landmarks. What is it about people's names?

A person's name is an arbitrary, "sparsely connected" bit of information, said David Wolk, an assistant professor of neurology at Penn, who collaborated with Olson on the study. A person's appearance has nothing to do with the name picked by his parents.

"There's nothing about a John Smith that necessarily tells you anything about who John Smith is," Wolk said.

"Proper names," said Temple's Olson, "are harder to remember than almost every other category of things in the world."

The effect of the stimulation was short-lived. So Olson, somewhat in jest, imagined a special hat outfitted with memory-stimulating electrodes. More likely, she said, the technology might be used someday by applying current while the person is learning new information - in order to make it stick. She intends to study that possibility.

Meanwhile, scientists elsewhere have found this type of stimulation can temporarily boost memory in patients with Alzheimer's.

Olson acknowledges having difficulty with names herself, though she tries each semester to learn the names of dozens of new students.

Even without electricity, certain ones stand out, she said:

"You always learn the names of the best students and the worst students."

eutropia@uol.com.br
18.11.2010
Translated from the Portuguese version by: Lisa Karpova
Pravda.Ru

 

Food rich in magnesium reduced the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and cataracts. Also helps to combat aging and PMS.

The food of the Brazilian is all wrong. Only 17% of the population consume the 400 grams recommended by WHO (World Health Organization) of fruits, vegetables and greens, as surveyed by the Ministry of Health. Outcome: no magnesium in our diet that protects the eyes and carries out more 300 vital metabolic functions.

Just to give you an idea, a recent study published in the British Medical Journal shows that eating an extra portion and a half of green vegetables, an important source of magnesium, reduces by 14% the risk of contracting diabetes. A meta-analysis at the Institute of Metabolic Science in Cambridge (UK) shows that a diet rich in magnesium lowers blood pressure and the level of glucose in the blood. Therefore, it may deter the development of diabetic retinopathy, a major cause of blindness.

According to the Institute ophthalmologists, Penido Burnier and Leoncio Queiroz Neto, the disease affects 75% of the 10 million Brazilians who are diabetic and in most cases leads to loss of vision. Although studies are not conclusive, the expert claims that the nutrient is essential for eye health. For example, he says, it acts as a blocker of calcium deposits on the inner walls of arteries. "These deposits cause the formation of neovessels that hinder the nutrition of the retina and leads to the death of its cells, the main characteristic of diabetic retinopathy" he explains. In addition to preventing calcification of arteries and vessels, he highlights, magnesium hinders the production of a potent vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1. So, those who have a diet low in magnesium are more likely to contract hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma, due to the lower blood flow to the head of the optic nerve.

The problems of nutritional deficiency do not stop there. The expert says that magnesium helps the absorption of vitamins E, C and B, essential nutrients for the health of the ocular tissues and other organs. It also protects against oxidative stress that can cause early cataracts, serious skin aging and the symptoms of PMS (premenstrual tension) among women, he says.

Signs of Deficiency and Sources

The main signs of magnesium deficit are listed by the physician:

· Tremor in hands or eyelids
· Cramping and involuntary movements in the face
· Insomnia
· Weakness
· Tachycardia
· Loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting.

He says these discomforts do not appear simultaneously and may still be associated with other health concerms. Adopting supplementation on your own, should not even be considered. Queiroz Neto explains that the absorption of magnesium and calcium are compete. Therefore, consumption must be combined. Moreover, supplementation requires medical supervision because excess can cause drops in blood pressure, changes in bone calcification and respiratory problems.

The main sources of magnesium are: leafy greens, seafood, nuts and whole grains.

Diabetic retinopathy is seen only in its advanced stages

There are no symptoms in its early stages. Diabetic retinopathy is the death of retinal cells, an ocular membrane eye where images are processed. The specialist says that half of the patients seeking their first consultation already have their visual acuity significantly compromised. The problem, he says, is that you cannot recover lost vision. To stop the evolution, it can be treated with laser applications for drying neovascularization, administration of anti-inflammatory drugs or surgery in more advanced cases.

Half of the glaucomatous lose vision in one eye

The glaucoma is also asymptomatic. This makes the those affected have similar behavior to that of patients affected by diabetic retinopathy.

A disease characterized by loss of visual field is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. The doctor says that the difficulty occurs when the outflow of aqueous humor, the fluid that fills the eyeball, causes the death of cells in the retina and optic nerve head. "It is common in glaucomatous to make their first visit after having lost sight in one eye or half of the axioms of the optic nerve that are unrecoverable" he says. Treatment is done with eyedrops, laser applications and, ultimately, surgery.

Cataracts can be associated with habits

Cataracts, the largest cause of treatable blindness, is the clouding of the lens, the natural lens of the eye responsible for focusing images on the retina. It is generally associated with aging. According to him, it may occur early due to nutritional deficiency, excessive sun exposure or trauma. To eliminate the disease, the only treatment is surgery that replaces the cloudy lens by an intraocular lens. Surgery is more advanced in recent years. So much so that it now allows a person over 60 years of age to see the same as another who is 20 years old. The increase of glucose into the blood in patients with diabetes makes the eyes become more vulnerable. To preserve vision, an ophthalmologist should be consulted annually or whenever a change of any type is perceived.

Press releases: Eutrope Turazzi - LDC Communication

http://www.npr.org/assets/news/2010/05/17/concern.pdf

UCSF Letter of Concern re: Airport Scanners

arxiv.org/abs/0910.5294: DNA Breathing Dynamics in the Presence of a Terahertz Field
http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/arxiv/24331/
kfc
10/30/2009

A new model of the way the THz waves interact with DNA explains how the damage is done and why evidence has been so hard to gather

Great things are expected of terahertz waves, the radiation that fills the slot in the electromagnetic spectrum between microwaves and the infrared. Terahertz waves pass through non-conducting materials such as clothes , paper, wood and brick and so cameras sensitive to them can peer inside envelopes, into living rooms and "frisk" people at distance.

The way terahertz waves are absorbed and emitted can also be used to determine the chemical composition of a material. And even though they don't travel far inside the body, there is great hope that the waves can be used to spot tumours near the surface of the skin.

With all that potential, it's no wonder that research on terahertz waves has exploded in the last ten years or so.

But what of the health effects of terahertz waves? At first glance, it's easy to dismiss any notion that they can be damaging. Terahertz photons are not energetic enough to break chemical bonds or ionise atoms or molecules, the chief reasons why higher energy photons such as x-rays and UV rays are so bad for us. But could there be another mechanism at work?

The evidence that terahertz radiation damages biological systems is mixed. "Some studies reported significant genetic damage while others, although similar, showed none," say Boian Alexandrov at the Center for Nonlinear Studies at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico and a few buddies. Now these guys think they know why.

Alexandrov and co have created a model to investigate how THz fields interact with double-stranded DNA and what they've found is remarkable. They say that although the forces generated are tiny, resonant effects allow THz waves to unzip double-stranded DNA, creating bubbles in the double strand that could significantly interfere with processes such as gene expression and DNA replication. That's a jaw dropping conclusion.

And it also explains why the evidence has been so hard to garner. Ordinary resonant effects are not powerful enough to do do this kind of damage but nonlinear resonances can. These nonlinear instabilities are much less likely to form which explains why the character of THz genotoxic
effects are probabilistic rather than deterministic, say the team.

This should set the cat among the pigeons. Of course, terahertz waves are a natural part of environment, just like visible and infrared light. But a new generation of cameras are set to appear that not only record terahertz waves but also bombard us with them. And if our exposure is set to increase, the question that urgently needs answering is what level of terahertz exposure is safe.

---

http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/nov/28/scientists-reverse-ageing-mice-humans/print
28 November 2010



      
Scientists claim to be a step closer to reversing the ageing process after rejuvenating worn out organs in elderly mice. The experimental treatment developed by researchers at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, turned weak and feeble old mice into healthy animals by regenerating their aged bodies.

The surprise recovery of the animals has raised hopes among scientists that it may be possible to achieve a similar feat in humans – or at least to slow down the ageing process.

An anti-ageing therapy could have a dramatic impact on public health by reducing the burden of age-related health problems, such as dementia, stroke and heart disease, and prolonging the quality of life for an increasingly aged population.

"What we saw in these animals was not a slowing down or stabilisation of the ageing process. We saw a dramatic reversal – and that was unexpected," said Ronald DePinho, who led the study, which was published in the journal Nature.

"This could lead to strategies that enhance the regenerative potential of organs as individuals age and so increase their quality of life. Whether it serves to increase longevity is a question we are not yet in a position to answer."

The ageing process is poorly understood, but scientists know it is caused by many factors. Highly reactive particles called free radicals are made naturally in the body and cause damage to cells, while smoking, ultraviolet light and other environmental factors contribute to ageing.

The Harvard group focused on a process called telomere shortening. Most cells in the body contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, which carry our DNA. At the ends of each chromosome is a protective cap called a telomere. Each time a cell divides, the telomeres are snipped shorter, until eventually they stop working and the cell dies or goes into a suspended state called "senescence". The process is behind much of the wear and tear associated with ageing.

At Harvard, they bred genetically manipulated mice that lacked an enzyme called telomerase that stops telomeres getting shorter. Without the enzyme, the mice aged prematurely and suffered ailments, including a poor sense of smell, smaller brain size, infertility and damaged intestines and spleens. But when DePinho gave the mice injections to reactivate the enzyme, it repaired the damaged tissues and reversed the signs of ageing.

"These were severely aged animals, but after a month of treatment they showed a substantial restoration, including the growth of new neurons in their brains," said DePinho.

Repeating the trick in humans will be more difficult. Mice make telomerase throughout their lives, but the enzyme is switched off in adult humans, an evolutionary compromise that stops cells growing out of control and turning into cancer. Raising levels of telomerase in people might slow the ageing process, but it makes the risk of cancer soar.

DePinho said the treatment might be safe in humans if it were given periodically and only to younger people who do not have tiny clumps of cancer cells already living, unnoticed, in their bodies.

David Kipling, who studies ageing at Cardiff University, said: "The goal for human tissue 'rejuvenation' would be to remove senescent cells, or else compensate for the deleterious effects they have on tissues and organs. Although this is a fascinating study, it must be remembered that mice are not little men, particularly with regard to their telomeres, and it remains unclear whether a similar telomerase reactivation in adult humans would lead to the removal of senescent cells."

Lynne Cox, a biochemist at Oxford University, said the study was "extremely important" and "provides proof of principle that short-term treatment to restore telomerase in adults already showing age-related tissue degeneration can rejuvenate aged tissues and restore physiological function."

DePinho said none of Harvard's mice developed cancer after the treatment. The team is now investigating whether it extends the lifespan of mice or enables them to live healthier lives into old age.

Tom Kirkwood, director of the Institute for Ageing and Health at Newcastle University, said: "The key question is what might this mean for human therapies against age-related diseases? While there is some evidence that telomere erosion contributes to age-associated human pathology, it is surely not the only, or even dominant, cause, as it appears to be in mice engineered to lack telomerase. Furthermore, there is the ever-present anxiety that telomerase reactivation is a hallmark of most human cancers."
 
Combinations of Immunostimulatory Agents, Oncolytic Virus, and Additional Anticancer Therapy 
US2010297072
   
Compositions, Kits, and Methods for Identification, Assessment, Prevention, and Therapy of Cancer 
US2010298158

Compositions, kits and methods for identification, assessment, prevention and therapy of cancer 
US2009297525

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT, PREVENTION AND THERAPY OF CANCER 
Inventor:  DEPINHO RONALD A [US] ; PAIK JI-HYE
WO2008091873

Protein and peptide fragments from mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase 
US2009111157
   
Bcl2L12 polypeptide activators and inhibitors 
US2006252053

TUMOR SUPPRESSOR LKB1 KINASE DIRECTLY ACTIVATES AMP-ACTIVATED KINASE 
WO2005023202

Method of inhibiting cell proliferation using an anti-oncogene protein 
US6897197
 

http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/health/scientists-make-cancer-cells-vanish-1.1022114
http://freepressinternational.com/2010/04/scientists-make-cancer-cells-vanish/


Scottish scientists have made cancer tumours vanish within 10 days by sending DNA to seek and destroy the cells.

The system, developed at Strathclyde and Glasgow universities, is being hailed as a breakthrough because it appears to eradicate tumours without causing harmful side-effects. A leading medical journal has described the results so far as remarkable, while Cancer Research UK said they were encouraging.

Dr Christine Dufes, a lecturer at the Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences and leader of the research, said: “The tumours were completely gone within 10 days. It is fantastic. When you talk about 10 days that is the time frame for curing a cold. Imagine if within 10 days you could completely make a tumour disappear.”

Researchers around the world are trying to find ways to use genes as a cancer treatment, but one problem is ensuring they attack the tumour without destroying healthy tissue.

In laboratory experiments the Strathclyde research team used a plasma protein called transferrin, which carries iron through the blood, to deliver the therapeutic DNA to the right spot. Once in situ the DNA produced a protein that attacked the tumour cells.

The findings have been published in the Journal of Controlled Release, with an accompanying comment from editor Professor Kinam Park, of Purdue University, Indiana, saying other attempts to target genes at cancer cells have “seldom shown complete disappearance of tumours”.

The research was initially supported with a grant from charity Tenovus Scotland, which supports the work of young scientists to help their ideas get off the ground.
April 25th, 2010 in FPI Archive, Technology

2008-10-30
Inventor(s): UCHEGBU IJEOMA [GB]; SCHATZLEIN ANDREAS G [GB]; DUFES CHRISTINE [GB] + (UCHEGBU IJEOMA, ; SCHATZLEIN ANDREAS G, ; DUFES CHRISTINE)
Classification: - international: 61K31/785; A61P35/00; A61K31/74; A61P35/00 - European: A61K31/785
Also published as: WO2006040579 // EP1807096
Abstract -- Various polymers, including cationic polyamine polymers and dendrimeric polymers, are shown to possess anti-proliferative activity, and may therefore be useful for treatment of disorders characterised by undesirable cellular proliferation such as neoplasms and tumours, inflammatory disorders (including autoimmune disorders), psoriasis and atherosclerosis. The polymers may be used alone as active agents, or as delivery vehicles for other therapeutic agents, such as drug molecules or nucleic acids for gene therapy. In such cases, the polymers' own intrinsic anti-tumour activity may complement the activity of the agent to be delivered.
 

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http://www.physorg.com/news/2010-12-tooth-breakthrough-dental-plaque.html
December 7, 2010

Dutch professors Bauke Dijkstra and Lubbert Dijkhuizen have deciphered the structure and functional mechanism of the glucansucrase enzyme that is responsible for dental plaque sticking to teeth. This knowledge will stimulate the identification of substances that inhibit the enzyme. Just add that substance to toothpaste, or even sweets, and caries will be a thing of the past. The results of the research have been published this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).

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“It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one that is the most responsive to change.”

-- Charles Darwin : “Origin of Species.”

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www.guardian.co.uk 
31 May 2010

BP oil spill: death and devastation – and it's just the start

It could take months or years for the true impact of the spill on surrounding ecosystems to emerge

by

David Adam

Oil around Deepwater Horizon rig Oil floats around a rig at the site of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Photograph: Jae C. Hong/AP

The White House says the BP oil spill is probably the greatest environmental disaster the US has faced, but the true impact on surrounding ecosystems could take months or even years to emerge. Experts say the unprecedented depth of the spill, combined with the use of chemicals that broke the oil down before it reached the surface, pose an unknown threat.

"It's difficult to marshal resources to do a thorough job of charting what the impacts are," Jeffrey Short, an environmental chemist who worked on the effects of the Exxon Valdez spill, told Nature magazine. "It's especially difficult when weird things happen to catch the scientific community bysurprise. That's clearly the case here."

Louisiana, the nearest state to the leaking well, some 42 miles offshore, has been the most impacted. The state's governor, Bobby Jindal, said more than 100 miles of its 400-mile coast had so far been polluted.

State officials have reported sheets of oil soiling wetlands and seeping into marine and bird nurseries, leaving a stain of sticky crude on cane that binds the marshes together. Billy Nungesser, president of Plaquemines parish, said he had seen dying cane and "no life" in parts of Pass-a-Loutre wildlife refuge.

Oil debris, in the form of tar balls and surface sheen, has also been reported ashore in outlying parts of coastal Mississippi and Alabama. Tar balls found on Florida beaches a fortnight ago did not come from the BP spill, tests showed.

A quarter of US waters in the Gulf of Mexico are closed to fishing, hitting the livelihoods of shrimpers, oyster-catchers and charter boat operators. "Every fish and invertebrate contacting the oil is probably dying. I have no doubt about that," said Prosanta Chakrabarty, a Louisiana State University fish biologist.

In the six weeks since the explosion that killed 11 workers and started the leak, wildlife officials say at least 491 birds, 227 turtles and 27 mammals, including dolphins, have been found dead along the US Gulf coast. Many of these were not related to the spill; only 28 of the dead birds were covered in oil. More marine creatures, including birds and mammals will be affected by surface oil, and scientists are also concerned about possible underwater clouds of dispersed oil.

Researchers say they have found at least two sprawling underwater plumes of what appear to be oil or oil derivatives, each hundreds of metres deep and stretching for miles. A plume reported last week by a team from the University of South Florida was headed toward the continental shelf off the Alabama coastline, waters thick with fish and other marine life.

No major fish kills have yet been reported, but federal officials said the impacts could take years to unfold. "This is just a giant experiment going on and we're trying to understand scientifically what this means," said Roger Helm, a senior official with the US Fish and Wildlife Service.

David Hollander, an oceanographer at the University of South Florida who helped discover one of the plumes, said: "It may be due to the application of the dispersants that a portion of the petroleum has extracted itself from the crude and is now incorporated into the waters with solvents and detergents."

He said there could be knock-on impacts on organisms further up the food chain. "We think there could be both short-term and long-term implications."

www.SBWire.com
June 30, 2008

DaoChi Energy of Arizona Files Patent for Algae Cultivation System

Efficient Concentration of Growth Footprint by Factors of 500 to 1000% could “Change the world”

DaoChi Energy of Arizona, Inc. (div. Williamson Information Technologies Corp.), the developer of a breakthrough combinations of existing technology to transform waste streams into liquid fuels, announced today the filing of its first patent application.

The patent application, “Apparatus for Cultivation of Phytoplankton and Other Aquatic Species” details DaoChi Energy of Arizona's invention of a method to cultivate algae with a high concentration of volume efficiency, without requiring expensive or elaborate artificial lighting systems, and without expensive cast acrylic tubing or delicate polythene bag systems.

The process of designing a concentrated cultivation system was just an exercise in applied geometry in the opinion of company president Stafford “Doc” Williamson. “I know that every tenth grader moans, ‘What am I ever going to use this for?’ when they first are forced to face basic geometry lessons,” says “Doc” Williamson including an imitation of a whining teen, “But here we are, doing nothing but increasing the exposed surface of a regular solid so that light can penetrate a few inches, and it just might change the world.”

Nutrients and the carbon dioxide necessary for the phenomenal growth rates of algae (many species can double in weight and volume in less than 24 hours, some as often as 4 times a day under ideal conditions) bubble through the liquid in this apparatus much as air does in a home aquarium. Indeed the device looks quite similar to a giant home aquarium in its basic rectangular form, though the mirrors and baffles and harvesting hoist hint at Dr. Frankenstein’s lab equipment.

Each growth tank is entirely separate; isolating each batch from every other batch. There are no circulating elements, and thus the isolation reduces the risk of total colony collapse. The patent application does describe possibly using “concentrating mirrors” to bring sunlight from outside. Transparent tank designs are intended for indoor use, outdoor placements are possible in suitable climates with potentially opaque or translucent side panels.

Nothing here is custom made. Everything is off-the-shelf, from the transparent plexi panels, to the manual pulley hoist overhead, everything can be bought in your local hardware store the DaoChi Energy executive claims. “We have no idea how cheaply you could build these if you were creating several acres worth,” “Doc” Williamson said referring to the contrasting complexity of valves and miles of tubing required for most of the polythene bag algae cultivation systems. “With our concentration factor, we know we can achieve the same production capacity as an acre of raceways or shallow ponds in one fifth to one tenth the space.”

DaoChi Energy’s President, Stafford “Doc” Williamson, says that they are hopeful that using high frequency sound waves to burst the algae cell walls and again in the separation and settling process will spur immediate developments in the field, using “the most promising source of renewable oil, algae, which can be a real challenger to the petroleum monopoly on fuels.”

DaoChi Energy of Arizona’s latest invention expands on the company’s plans for waste to fuel production facilities using various technologies to convert civilizations’ huge and problematic quantities of municipal and sewage wastes into valued resource streams, the development of which will be the fulfillment of many people’s dreams of a fully re-cycling society across the entire globe. The DaoChi Energy algae cultivation system can be stand-alone, or built adjacent to a “smokestack” facility (smelter, power plant, etc.) for the effect of carbon sequestration of flue gases where such “rich” sources of carbon dioxide can promote the kind of geometric progression pattern of extremely rapid growth. “It seems like a miracle, but it is just a fact. If you have a colony of 100 tons of algae, feed it with plenty of carbon dioxide, literally overnight you can have 200 to 400 tons of algae, meaning you can remove 100 to 300 tons daily from this operation and starting again from the remaining 100 tons the next day the same thing happens,” gushes Stafford “Doc” Williamson with unbridled enthusiasm.

About DaoChi Energy of Arizona, Inc.

DaoChi Energy of Arizona, Inc. is developing a breakthrough technologies that will transform algae, the most promising source of renewable oil, and enable the recovery and re-use of waste streams from city municipal solid waste and sewage sludge into energy. By keeping the sources of carbon for fuels to only those which are already part of the organic cycles that already exist in the environment, we can reduce and eventually reverse the trend toward global climate change as we stop adding to the carbon load of the earth’s atmosphere. Because these waste streams are constantly being produced (and can be supplemented with algae cultivation as part of the sewage processing, and carbon dioxide sequestration) they provide an endless supply from which we can obtain new oils that can be used for many products such as diesel, gasoline, jet fuel, plastics and solvents without the global warming effects of petroleum and its fossil sources of carbon. DaoChi (which means “the way of energy in harmony”) technology is aimed at fundamentally targeting new source of oils and energy as alternatives to fossil source carbon from the petroleum industry. To learn more about DaoChi Energy of Arizona, please visit our website at energy.psyrk.us.

DaoChi Energy of Arizona’s President, Stafford “Doc” Williamson, is a well known columnist and commentator on the biofuels industry through his column carried by the American Chronicle syndicate of websites.

Contact:

Stafford “Doc” Williamson at DaoChi Energy of Arizona
mailto:president@winfotech.com
or phone 866-407-5369.

Mr Williamson is available worldwide by telephone at 1-623-566-5917

Call the above telephone number to schedule a video interview.

Video Interviews can be conducted by Skype video phone.
Contact Skype ID: stafford.doc.williamson

DaoChi Energy of Arizona is a division of and wholly owned by Williamson Information Technologies Corp. a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Arizona.

www.lifehacker.com
8 August 2006

Got ants? Blogger Jake Ludington gets rid of his with baby powder.

All you need to do is figure out where the little buggers are coming in at, and sprinkle a baby powder firewall. Ants that are already in your house will lose their scent trail, get lost, and eventually die; ants that are trying to come into your house won't be able to crest the mountain of white.

Just as an aside, I've also made this work with lemon-scented cleaner; apparently ants hate that lemony fresh smell. What are some ways you've gotten rid of ants? Thoughts to comments or to tips at lifehacker.com.— Wendy Boswell

Creosote

ORGANIC COMPOUND WITH A NEMATICIDAL ACTION OBTAINED FROM WATER-SOLUBLE CREOSOTE BUSH (LARREA TRIDENTATA) EXTRACTS.
MXNL05000054
Abstract --  The present invention refers to the use of water-soluble L. tridentata resin extracts as environmentally friendly nematicides useful in diverse crops including the Solanaceae, Leguminous, Cucurbitaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Compound families amongst others.

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY NEMATICIDIC AGENT PREPARED WITH WATER-SOLUBLE EXTRACTS OF CREOSOTE BUSH RESIN (LARREA TRIDENTATA).
MXPA03008262
Abstract -- The present invention relates to the use of water-soluble extracts of Larrea Tridentata as an environmentally friendly nematicidic agent useful in diverse crops pertaining to the following families: Solanaceae, Leguminous, Cucurbitaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Compound amongst others.

COMPOSITION FOR DRIVING BIRDS OR WILD ANIMALS OUT AND METHOD THEREOF
KR20010017621
Abstract -- PURPOSE: Composition for driving birds or wild animals out is provided which diffuses unpleasant fragments to birds or wild animals so that it prevents birds or wild animals from accessing around orchard, field or military units. CONSTITUTION: The composition for driving birds or wild animals out is characterized by mixing vinegar with souring taste and creosote with scorching taste that is phenols compound obtained from pyroligneous acid/wood tar wherein vinegar and creosote is properly mixed at the volume ratio of 100-200:1, in which 1ml of creosote is mixed with 100-200ml of vinegar.

EXTRACTION OF NORDIHYDROGUAIARETIC ACID FROM THE CREOSOTE BUSH
CA496180

CONTROLLING AGENT AGAINST FRUIT-SUCKING MOTHS
JP4091006
Abstract -- PURPOSE:To obtain a controlling agent capable of effectively controlling fruit- sucking moths greatly damaging horticultural crops such as fruits or vegetables, especially peach by impregnating an impregnation agent with a chemical consisting essentially of creosote oil and kerosene. CONSTITUTION:An impregnation agent, preferably a cellular or bulky material, especially sawdust is impregnated with a chemical consisting essentially of creosote oil and kerosene. In use, the impregnated chemical is filled in a container of a structure having a vent hole without admitting rainwater into the interior, e.g. an opening 9 on the side 8 of a shape in which a lid or a cover is provided on the opening at the top of the container without directly permeating rainwater into the interior of the container even if rain falls. Malodor of the creosote is more strengthened by mixing the kerosene therewith and the creosote can be simultaneously prevented from its evaporating to dryness to prolong the period of emitting the malodor.

MOLE REPELLENT
JP3294208
Abstract -- PURPOSE:To obtain an inexpensive mole repellent harmless to man, beast and crop and easy to handle by using wood vinegar or a mixture of wood vinegar and a specific amount of creosote oil as active component. CONSTITUTION:The objective mole repellent contains wood vinegar which is a liquid component obtained by the dry-distillation of wood. The repellent may be incorporated with 0.1-30wt.% of creosote oil based on the wood vinegar. The wood vinegar is put into a hole dug in a mole-haunting field as it is or sprayed on a field in a state diluted about 7-15 times with water. It is harmless to man and beast and producible at a low cost.

JP1211503
GRANULAR ANT-PREVENTING AGENT FOR TREATING SOIL AND ANT-PREVENTING TREATMENT OF SOIL
Abstract -- PURPOSE:To provide the title ant-preventing agent exhibiting an excellent ant- preventing effect in a small amount due to a synergistic effect and having no danger of intoxication against workers because of being held within the small pores of a porous granular carrier, by carrying creosote oil and an ant- preventing agent in the porous granular carrier. CONSTITUTION:The objective ant-preventing agent is prepared by impregnating a mixture solution of creosote oil comprising a 200-360 deg.C distillation fraction of coal tar and an ant-preventing agent such as choropyrifos into a porous carrier such as coke breeze preferably having granule sizes of approximately 0.1-3mm and a porosity of 40-60% and subsequently drying the surface of the impregnated granules. The prepared ant-preventing agent is sprayed on soil to subject the soil to an ant-preventing treatment. The carrying amounts of the creosote oil and the ant-preventing agent in the porous carrier can be determined depending on a place to be used, etc. The creosote oil and the ant- preventing agent are preferably used in a ratio of 100 pts.wt.: 0.1-5 pts.wt. as the active ingredient. The agent requires no special protecting equipment also when used in closed spaces.

JP61083656
CREOSOTE INSECTICIDAL ANTISEPTIC ABSORBED AND DRIED INTO SAND

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Oh, by the way:

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http://vodpod.com/watch/4066212-dr-gianluigi-zangari-bp-gulf-oil-disaster-gulf-stream-loop-current-breaking-down-effects-on-global-climate

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http://nauka.izvestia.ru/news/article103945.html
http://www.russia-ic.com/news/show/10938/
27.10.2010


Russian researchers developed an express-technique for testing toxicity of water with high and low deuterium concentration and discovered an interesting fact – deuterium is a crucial element for normal functioning of a living cell.

Natural water normally contains two hydrogen isotopes: protium and deuterium, which concentration is about 156 parts per million (ppm). Light water (with low deuterium concentration) is believed to have positive effects on human health. Heavy water is toxic – it prevents cells from normal division, if its concentration in an organism is about 25-50%.

Scientists suggested using a test organism, an infusorium Spirostomum ambiguum, which is very convenient to work with due to its size – about 1 mm. Experiments showed that deuterium concentration of 50-125 ppm had no effect on infusoria lifespan, but organisms had quickly died in water with lower or higher deuterium content. Researchers believe that some certain deuterium content is crucial for normal functioning of a living cell.

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http://www.russia-ic.com/news/show/2107/
http://www.vor.ru/science/science_rus.html#3     
21.04.2006
     

Russian Institute for Biological Medicine launched production of light water, differing from ordinary water by stimulating all human systems’ activities through data-flow level. Institute’s vice-president claims such developments are unique and cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
     
Natural light water is found in mountain rivers and melting glaciers. Scientists designed rectifying columns for water fractional distillation and derived water free from its heavy components.
     
Light water normalizes any pathology found in an organism. It also improves body resistance to harmful effects of physical, chemical and biological origin. Clinical trials revealed light water’s ability to dissolve higher concentrations of various substances and to penetrate membranes easier than ordinary water. Light water showed anti-inflammatory effect and eliminated tissue puffiness.
     
Recently developed “Langway” water is already available at the US market. Tests proved its potential to refine cell metabolic processes through accumulating energy inside a cell. Light water is highly recommended for skin regeneration stimulation. “Langway” tones the skin, reduces its greasiness, narrows skin pores, slows ageing and helps skin to resist negative environmental impact. Light water also regulates excretion of toxins, salts of heavy metals, cellular debris and infectious germs. Another positive aspect is that such water lowers blood sugar and cholesterol, thus it can be recommended for patients, suffering from diabetes, atherosclerosis, obesity and hypertension.
     
Source: Voice Of Russia

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http://www.healingcancernaturally.com/pancreatic-proteolytic-enzymes.html
http://bodyecology.com/archive/pancreatin-digestive-enzymes-cancer-fighting-benefits.php?utm_source=streamsend&utm_medium=email&utm_content=13029681&utm_campaign=Enzymes%20Arent%20Just%20for%20Digestion


At the turn of the century, an embryologist at the University of Edinburgh, named John Beard was studying placentas. He noted that in every species, as the placenta grows in the uterus, it invades like a tumor. Beard wondered exactly what prevented a normal placenta from growing into a cancer. He discovered that the placenta stopped growing the day the fetal pancreas started working. First came the co-relation; then came the leap of faith. The embryologist figured that if the pancreatic enzymes could halt placental growth, they might just work against cancerous tumors as well; but Beard’s theory was largely forgotten.

Note by J. Buche, ND, on the effect of pancreatic enzymes on cancerous tumors

"The effect of pancreatic enzymes on tumors was first explained in The Enzyme Treatment of Cancer and Its Scientific Basis by Scottish professor John Beard, DSc, in 1911. Cancerous tumors grow by producing an enzyme called malignin that digests left-handed, living protein such as human tissue. As tumors grow, malignin production increases, which promotes more cancer growth. Malignin is the mirror image of the pancreatic enzyme Trypsin. Trypsin breaks down right-handed living tissue, including tumor mass. According to Dr. Kelley, "Large quantities of Trypsin in the bloodstream stop Malignin's acceleration of tumor growth. Also, the non-growing tumor can now be recognized by the human body's defensive warriors, white blood cells and antibodies. These defensive warriors engulf the liquefied, dead non-growing tumor debris from the digestive activity of the enzyme Trypsin." He says that other enzymes are needed to break down the starch capsule that surrounds a tumor and the intermediate proteins that are created as Trypsin liquefies the mass. Dr. Kelley says that the combination of pancreatic enzymes in the Kelley Metabolic Program "destroy and strip away about 97% of such starch capsules, thereby enabling tumors to be recognized, digested, liquefied and removed from persons' bodies via their bloodstreams."

Over 93% of the cancer patients who strictly adhere to the Kelley Metabolic Program for at least 6 months have seen their malignancies disappear, according to Dr. Kelley's records. For some patients, it takes 18 months or longer before they are free of cancer. Dr. Kelley emphasizes that the diet change and pancreatic support must be continued even after the cancer has disappeared if the person wants to remain healthy.
http://www.healingcancernaturally.com/pancreatic-proteolytic-enzymes.html

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http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2004/09/27/simple_test_may_detect_breast_cancers.htm   
http://www.iht.com/articles/540178.html
September 27, 2004

   


BOSTON Researchers have developed a simple urine test that appears to detect breast cancer early and accurately track tumor growth.
.
The findings are still preliminary, but if further research supports them, the test could be a major advance in the effort to catch breast cancer before it turns deadly. The scientists, who work for Harvard University at Children's Hospital Boston, are searching for similar markers in urine for other cancers.

Earlier this year, a team at the National Cancer Institute reported that other tumors, including prostate cancer, may also be detectable with urine tests. That would be more convenient and inexpensive than the scans, blood tests and biopsies commonly used to screen for and diagnose cancers. Scientists say a screening test that found cancer without needle jabs, intrusive scopes, surgery or radiation would be widely used, improving the odds that tumors would be seen before they spread to other organs, when they are most treatable and least dangerous.

Breast tumors are typically found with a mammogram, a type of X-ray, or when they become large enough to be felt by a woman or her doctor. By then, they may have spread. Further, almost half of women do not get annual mammograms. The result is that 37 percent of breast cancers are diagnosed after they have spread, according to the American Cancer Society.

The society estimates that 215,000 new breast cancer cases will be reported this year in the United States and that about 40,000 women will die of the disease.

Children's Hospital researchers evaluated their new test, which identifies the presence of an enzyme called ADAM 12, in experiments using urine samples from 71 women known to have breast cancer, from early to late stages. The test successfully identified 67, or 94 percent, of the cases. In a control population of 46 women without cancer, there were seven false positive results, or 15 percent. In these seven women, the amounts of the telltale enzyme were very low, the researchers said. The findings have been accepted for publication in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.

"Our data demonstrate for the first time that ADAM 12 can be detected in the urine of breast cancer patients," Marsha Moses, Roopali Roy and their associates wrote in the paper. "Increased urinary levels of this protein correlate with breast cancer progression."

If the results can be repeated in a larger group of patients, the urine test would offer the first noninvasive way to detect breast cancer early, monitor a tumor as it expands, and perhaps keep track of how well treatment is working.

The Harvard research team focused on urine as a place to seek early evidence of cancer, Moses said, because "I wanted something that was noninvasive," a simple, painless and reliable test that accurately warns when tumor growth is getting under way.

Her goal is to offer a test kit that doctors can use routinely in their offices and in hospital laboratories. Eventually, she hoped the test could be done at home. She said that a test could be available within a few years.

"This is important and exciting work," said Dr. Catherine Park, a cancer specialist at the University of California at San Francisco, because it may link an enzyme that plays a role in the growth of a tumor with a detectable measure of how fast the tumor is expanding. She added that it remained to be seen whether the urine test would be accurate enough to provide a "black-and-white answer."

Dr. Sudhir Srivastava, chief of biomarkers research at the National Cancer Institute, said that until more research is done, ADAM 12 must be considered "a putative marker, those that are just at the discovery stage and need to be validated with proper studies."

Noting the small number of patients studied by the researchers, he added, "At this point it looks promising, but it's not ready for prime time."

He said it was surprising that a cancer biomarker, or chemical signal, would be found in urine. The kidneys and liver tend to remove such enzymes and molecules.

Srivastava's program is spending $23 million this year to find cancer biomarkers, including those in urine. National Cancer Institute colleagues reported in February in the Journal of Clinical Oncology evidence that prostate cancer is also detectable with urine tests. The team, working with the Children's Hospital and Harvard scientists, found two biomarkers in urine that seemed to predict the return of cancer in patients who had undergone treatment for prostate cancer.

The urine test for breast cancer seems to identify patients with tumors and also warns of a tumor's severity, distinguishing among patients in varying stages of cancer.

Moses said her experiments showed that when the amount of ADAM 12 in urine spikes sharply, the tumor may be entering a more dangerous growth phase. As a breast tumor gets bigger, and begins sending its deadly "seeds" to lymph nodes and various organs, the enzyme level increases. Moses said the warning's accuracy may improve if ADAM 12 can be combined with other biomarkers in the urine that her lab is studying.

The ADAM 12 enzyme "is a member of a family of enzymes that were only recently discovered," Moses said. "Some of them are associated with cancer, but in general their functions are not well established."

ADAM 12 is suspected of playing a role in remodeling a structure called the extracellular matrix, a cagelike environment in which each cell lives. It helps the cell see and feel its neighbors, helps anchor the cell in place, and facilitates the flow of chemical signals, food and waste into and out of the cell. This structure seems to change constantly to meet the cell's needs, and levels of ADAM 12 may increase, Moses said, when it is changing the extracellular matrix, perhaps to allow the expanding tumor to push through surrounding tissues, or to draw in new blood vessels it needs for growth.

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http://www.newmediaexplorer.org/chris/2003/09/27/the_amas_test_for_early_detection_and_monitoring_of_cancer.htm


Most people are unaware that there is a reliable, scientifically proven laboratory blood test for detecting over 99% of all cancers. "Why haven't the doctors I see ordered this test?" people often ask me. Good question. I can only answer that this is yet another example of the resistance to innovative change that the medical establishment constantly demonstrates. Most doctors are simply unaware of the AMAS test because the powers that be ignore the test, and it remains largely unknown.

AMAS stands for "anti-malignin antibody in serum." The test is extremely sensitive; blood levels of this antibody rise early in the course of the vast majority of cancers of all types, regardless of location in the body. The test is especially useful when cancer is suspected but has not been confirmed by a biopsy.

One study involving the test was published in the journal Cancer Detection and Prevention in 1994. In 125 patients and controls, 118 were subsequently diagnosed by the time the article was published. In 21 individuals who were subsequently proven to have cancer, the AMAS test was elevated. The test was normal in 94, none of whom were shown to have cancer. In three other subjects who did not have cancer, the test was elevated when first done but a second test was normal. The other seven subjects had positive AMAS tests but remained undiagnosed at the time of the article, but all showed symptoms of cancer that likely indicated its presence.

The study was consistent with other published tests that indicate that the AMAS test is over 95% reliable on the first test, and over 99% reliable when a repeat test is performed. The test is a standardized, validated assay, developed over 15 years ago by Peter Bogovich, M.D., Ph.D. Dr. Bogovich has conducted scores of studies and published widely on the test.

Another study published in the Journal of Cellular Biochemistry in 1994 stated that levels typically rise with age and are higher in individuals at high risk for cancer because of family history, but stay within normal levels even when benign growths occur. "We demonstrated that the concentration is most markedly increased within weeks of the occurrence of malignant transformation to clinical breast cancer," these researchers wrote. This study involved breast cancer, but the test is valid for all cancer types. Other researchers have written that the test is an excellent screening method.

The AMAS test also is useful in monitoring the treatment of malignancies. Levels typically return to normal within two to three months of successful treatment. Other biological markers in the blood are much less specific and are usually not elevated early in the course of disease or recurrence. Thus the AMAS test is an excellent way to screen for and detect cancer or recurrences, and to track treatment progress during treatment. Conventional cancer treatment authorities are committed to a host of expensive but highly profitable diagnostic (and treatment) techniques (mammograms, MRIs, gastrointestinal series, etc.). Were it not for the intransigence of established authorities, the AMAS test undoubtedly would be much more widely used.
   

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http://hubpages.com/hub/How-I-Cured-Stage-4-Cancer-in-Two-Weeks-For-Less-Than-The-Cost-Of-A-Night-At-The-Movies
   


Can stage 4 cancer really be easy to cure?

I'm the author of the book The Doctor Who Cures Cancer, but today I'd like to talk to you about my easy victory over my own Stage 4 cancer.

The truth is that I was only able to come up with a key part of this extremely simple cure from what I learned from writing the book...

Please forgive me in advance because I'm going to be talking about cancer in ways that are going to be quite different than the types of discussions you've heard before on this topic.

And please bear with me if at times it looks like the discussion has gone into areas that don't fit conventional wisdom. Going outside the box of what we think we know might be the best way at this point to get to a cure.

For several decades, modern medicine has tried a lot of toxic compounds, hoping to 'out-toxic' the cancer.

And sure enough, the compounds did out-toxic cancer. Unfortunately, it usually out-toxics the patient as well.

The result has been that cancer treatments are usually an expensive, painful and scary proposition. But you already knew that.

I didn't go bald or get sick to my stomach!

Fortunately, my Stage 4 cancer was none of the above for me. My advanced cancer treatment cost less than two tickets and popcorn at the movies.

My treatment wasn't painful. And I wasn't scared...I didn't lose a minute's sleep...because I knew what to do.

If we've learned anything about treating cancer in the last 50 to 60 years it has to be this: half killing the patient isn't half way successful.

As I emphatically told a woman in my store recently, "You gotta be healthy to get well!"

In my own case, I knew by the many lesions I had that I was already sick. I didn't need someone to help make me sicker. I needed to get healthy, so I could get well.

UCLA Researchers Confirm My Method!

Maybe the best place to start with this would be to let you know that researchers at UCLA garnered lots of headlines two years ago because they had done something pretty incredible. (1)

What had the UCLA researchers done? They shrank tumors by 80% with the heat from habaneros peppers. That is quite extraordinary in terms of what is usually accomplished with toxic drugs.

It's also worth noting that in the US the State of New Mexico has the lowest cancer mortality rate of all 50 states. They probably eat more peppers in New Mexico per capita than all the other states, too.

In other words, the researchers at UCLA made a great choice in examining the anti-cancer properties of hot peppers.

My own success in curing myself with habaneros peppers preceded the UCLA researchers by seven years. And I didn't shrink my many tumors by 80%...I shrank them 100%.

UCLA's research results did confirm that my own method was an extremely powerful weapon against cancer. I'm eternally grateful for their confirmation.

But then, I used habaneros peppers PLUS two more low tech ingredients...running rings around the findings made by the UCLA guys and gals.

(By the way, if you absolutely can't tolerate peppers, you can substitute freshly grated ginger...grated daily...not from a jar!)

Research from the Universities of Michigan and Minnesota just scratch the surface of ginger's power against cancer. Not only does ginger cause cancer cell death, it also makes the cancer cells turn on themselves. Speaking technically, that means the tumors go away. (2) (3)

I Had Lesions From Top To Toe

Well, almost.

Let me start from the beginning. One morning as I was about to step into the shower, I noticed a couple of large round looking red splotches on my thigh and calf. They were about the size of a half dollar.

I wasn't sure what to make of them, but they stood out like crazy. By the next day, the two red lesions had turned brown. Only they were now accompanied by several more large red splotches.

Some were on my upper back, lower back, hips, thighs and calves on both sides of my body. Within 24 hours, they turned brown, too.

At this point, most people would probably have freaked out. I had a darn good reason not to, however. I couple years earlier, I had written a book entitled The Doctor Who Cures Cancer.

Gathering the research for the book gave me some critically important information that helped me to develop my own method.

I figured, if what I had was cancer, that's not a problem because curing cancer isn't as difficult as we've been led to believe.

No, I wasn't pregnant!

Many years earlier, I'd also learned that the common pregnancy tests sold in drug stores will sometimes produce a positive result if the person taking the test has cancer.

A call to the makers of one of the products confirmed that this is true: pregnancy screening tests can sometimes pick up the presence of cancer. It is well known among physicians that home pregnancy tests can show a false positive for pregnancy when the person being tested has cancer.

The test isn't real accurate if the result is negative because the test kit requires that a high threshold be met before the test will read positive.

Pregnant women easily reach the threshold, but a person with cancer doesn't necessarily produce enough of the hormone to register on the test kit.

But if the kit does show "positive" in a non-pregnant person, it is highly accurate for uncovering cancer.

It seemed to me that it was worth a shot as a screening mechanism. Since I am a male, a positive test result would tell me what I needed to know.

I did the test, and sure enough, the 'pregnancy' test result came up positive. You might be wondering why a pregnancy test would read positive.

I'm glad you asked. ;-) Pregnancy tests screen for the presence of a hormone called HCGH (human chorionic gonaditrophin hormone.)

It's the same hormone that is elevated in cancer patients. But in most cases the level in cancer patients aren't high enough to trigger a positive test result.

Down below will be listed information on a more sophisticated pregnancy test that's about 97% accurate for detecting cancer. I'll tell you more about that test in a minute.

Pregnancy kit 'says' I'm pregnant!

In my case, my HCGH was high enough to score positive on the test. So there I was, a man, with more than a dozen large lesions AND a positive pregnancy test result!

There was no point for me to go to a physician at that point, because (a) I had no insurance, and far more importantly, (b) chemo sucks in treating solid mass tumors, and I had more than a dozen visible tumors! There's no telling how many tumors there might have been hidden within my body.

Then there was reason (C) for not going to see a physician!!! The first thing the doctor would have wanted to do would be to cut out a portion of one of the lesions to have it examined by a pathologist.

I had learned something profound when writing The Doctor Who Cures Cancer which was later confirmed in a book about Judah Folkman, M.D., (inventor of Angiostatin) that the act of cutting out a portion of a tumor activates more tumors to sprout wings.

Stage 4 cancer cure, Part 2

It seemed to me that there were too many tumors raging already to let anyone cut on me spurring further growth.

Here's a real brief recipe list here.

(1) Grate one habaneros pepper each day, putting it on bread (2) Grate two cloves of garlic each day, putting them on bread (3) 1-2 Tablespoons of Emulsified cod liver oil each day.* TwinLabs makes some wonderfully flavored cod liver oil.

I used the cod liver oil because I was not losing any weight or dealing with fluid retention. If I had either of those conditions, I would have used evening primrose oil or borage oil instead of the emulsified cod liver oil.*

(4)Smother the grated garlic and habaneros peppers with real butter and eat it. No margarines of any type, including Smart Balance, etc.

That's it!

* The best way to determine which oil I would use can be determined easily if there is pain. In fact there are two ways. One way would be to drink a cup of black coffee with two boiled eggs. (boiled only.) If that made me feel worse, I'd take 1 or 2 tablespoons of emulsified cod liver oil. If the coffee and eggs made me feel better, I'd take 6,000 mgs of borage oil or evening primrose oil.

The potent active ingredients from the peppers and the garlic disperse quickly. So they must be grated each day, and eaten immediately.

The sophisticated test was developed by a Philippine Dr. Manuel D. Navarro in the late 1950's! His son, Dr. Efren Navarro, continues to analyze the test results. The test is called the "HCG Urine Immunoassay."

This HCG test can find cancer 12 to 27 months before other kinds of testing depending on the type of cancer.

When I checked into this two years ago, the test cost about $50. To find out more, call Erlinda Suarez at (847) 359-3634.

The address is 631 Peregrine Dr., Palatine, IL 60067.

Please be aware that the turn around time for the test is about 10 days.

The best to you.

Kelley Eidem

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Here's   how:   
 
I thought it was quite interesting!   And I know in about 30 seconds you're going  do what I did and find the nearest mirror.  Do you know how to determine if a mirror is  2-way or not?  This is not to scare you,  but to make you aware. A policewoman who  travels all over the   U.S. and gives  seminars and techniques for businesswomen  passed this one on.  When we visit  toilets, bathrooms, hotel rooms, changing rooms,  etc., how many of you know for sure that  the seemingly ordinary mirror hanging on the  wall is a real mirror, or actually a  2-way mirror (i.e., they can see you, but  you can't see them)? There have been many  cases of people installing 2-way mirrors in  female changing rooms. It is very  difficult to positively  identify the surface by just looking at  it. So, how do we determine with any amount  of certainty what type of mirror we are looking  at? Just conduct this  simple test -

Test:  Place the  tip of your fingernail against the reflective  surface and if there is a GAP between  your fingernail and the image of the nail,  then it is a GENUINE mirror. However, if your  fingernail DIRECTLY TOUCHES the image of your  nail, then BEWARE, FOR IT IS A 2-WAY  MIRROR!

"No Space.  Leave the  Place!"  So remember, every time you see a  Mirror, do the "fingernail test."  It  doesn't cost you anything.    

Remember: "No  Space, Leave the  Place"

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http://www.pressherald.com/life/outdoors/lunar-eclipse-and-meteor-shower-add-thrills-to-chilly-nights_2010-11-28.html


The last one visible for us was nearly three years ago and the next one will be nearly three and a half years in the future, so make sure you catch this one if it is clear. This eclipse will be later than usual, starting at 1: 30 a.m. Dec. 21, just a few hours before the winter solstice. The total part of the eclipse, when the moon is completely engulfed in our shadow, will start at 2:41 a.m. and end at 3:53 a.m. The entire eclipse will not be over until 5 a.m.

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http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/inconvenient-truths-about-our-evolution-2146994.html
30 November 2010

A controversial scientist claims he can shed light on human behaviour. But not everyone will like his theories, says Jeremy Laurance

Why do beautiful people have more daughters? Because beauty is more important for a woman than a man, according to evolutionary psychologist Satoshi Kanazawa.

Why are most suicide bombers Muslim? Because they don't get enough sex. Why are liberals more intelligent than conservatives? Because liberalism is "evolutionarily novel."

The London School of Economics researcher and author of Ten Politically Incorrect Truths about Human Nature is accustomed to defending his provocative assertions against outraged critics.

He acknowledges that some of his ideas may seem "immoral, contrary to our ideals or offensive". But he insists they are true and supported by scientific evidence that he has continued to collect since his book was published in 2007. "Like it or not, human nature is simply not politically correct," he says.

Now, in a study to be published in Reproductive Sciences, he has adduced new evidence for what he describes as one of the most celebrated principles in evolutionary biology which explains why attractive people have more female children. So how does the research stack up?

1 Beautiful people have more daughters

Known as the Trivers-Willard hypothesis this states that if parents have any traits they can pass on to their children and that will be better for one sex than the other, they they will have more children of that sex.

A man's value as a mate is largely determined in evolutionary terms by his wealth, status and power, according to Dr Kanazawa, whereas a woman's is largely determined by her youth and physical attractiveness.

"Physical attractiveness, while a universally positive quality, contributes even more to women's reproductive success than to men's. The hypothesis would therefore predict that physically attractive parents should have more daughters than sons," Dr Kanazawa writes.

Figures from the 1958 National Child Development Study of 17,000 babies who were rated for attractiveness by their teachers at age 7 and were asked at age 45 for the age and sex of their babies bears this out. The unattractive children were more likely to have sons, according to the Reproductive Sciences study.

2 Liberals are more intelligent than conservatives

A study by Dr Kanazawa, published in Social Science Quarterly in March, based on the same data showed that young adults who identified themselves as "very liberal" had an average IQ of 106 while those who identified themselves as "very conservative" had an average IQ of 95.

"The ability to think and reason endowed our ancestors with advantages in solving evolutionarily novel problems for which they did not have innate solutions. As a result, more intelligent people are more likely to recognise and understand such novel entities and situations than less intelligent people, and some of these entities and situations are preferences, values, and lifestyles," Dr Kanazawa said.

Humans are evolutionarily designed to be conservative, caring mostly about their family and friends. Being liberal and caring about an indefinite number of genetically unrelated strangers is evolutionarily novel. So more intelligent children may be more likely to grow up to be liberals.

3 Most suicide bombers are Muslim

Suicide missions are not always religiously motivated. But when religion is involved it is always Muslim, Dr Kanazawa says.

Why? The surprising answer is that it may have nothing to do with Islam or politics, culture or race. Rather, it has to do with sex, or in this case the absence of sex.

Writing in Psychology Today, Dr Kanazawa said the distinguishing feature of Islam was that it tolerated polygyny – men taking two or more wives at the same time. By allowing some men to monopolise all women other men were left out. The prospect of 72 virgins waiting in heaven for any martyr to Islam then created a potent cocktail. "It is the combination of polygyny and the promise of a large harem of virgins in heaven that motivates many young Muslim suicide bombers," he says.

4 Men like blonde bombshells (and women want to look like them)

Blonde hair is unique in that it changes dramatically with age, Dr Kanazawa says. Typically, young girls with light blonde hair become women with brown hair. So blonde hair is a signal of youth and men who attempt to mate with blondes are unconsciously seeking younger (and hence healthier and more fecund) women.

5 Humans are naturally polygamous

Polyandry (one woman married to more than one man) is rare but polygyny has been widely practised throughout most of history.

In societies where rich men are much richer than poor men, women and their children are better off having a share of the few wealthy men than having an entire poor man to themselves. In practice, most industrial societies tend to be monogamous because men tend to be more equal in their resources than their ancestors in medieval times.

6 Having sons reduces the likelihood of divorce

A man's value as a mate is largely determined by his wealth, status and power whereas a woman's comes mainly from her youth and physical attractiveness. A father is important to his son in ensuring he inherits wealth status and power but he can do little to keep his daughter youthful or beautiful. His continued presence in the family is important to the son but not as crucial to his daughter.

7 What creative geniuses have in common with criminals

The tendency to commit crimes peaks in adolescence and then rapidly declines. But this curve is not limited to crime – it is also evident in every quantifiable human behaviour that is seen by potential mates and costly (not affordable by all sexual competitors). In the competition for mates men may act violently or they may express their competitiveness through their creative activities.

8 The myth of the male mid-life crisis

Many middle aged men go through a mid-life crisis but not because they are middle aged. It is because their wives are. Dr Kanazawa says: "From the evolutionary psychologist's perspective, a man's midlife crisis is precipitated by his wife's imminent menopause and end of her reproductive career and thus his renewed need to attract younger women."

9 It's natural for male politicians to risk everything for an affair

Powerful men have always married monogamously but mated polygynously. Men strive to attain political power, consciously or unconsciously, in order to have reproductive access to a large number of women.

10 Men sexually harass women because they are not sexist

Men always subjected each other to abusive, intimidating and degrading treatment at work. It is part of their reaction to competitive situations. Men are not treating women differently when they harass them. They do it because they are not discriminating, Dr Kanazawa says.

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http://scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com/business/39Magic-water39-maker-targets-NHS.6642135.jp
28 November 2010



A SMALL firm in the Borders is hoping to solve the problems of Scotland's dirty hospital wards with its "magic water" product, designed to kill hard-to-beat bugs such as MRSA and Clostridium difficile.

Duns-based Aqualution is in talks with Aberdeen University School of Medicine to test its invention - which uses electrodialysed salt water - for effectiveness in wound cleaning and healing.

The magic water solution, a biocide called Hypochlorous acid, has already been used successfully in Bupa care homes and has been proven to reduce bugs to almost nil - where current products like bleach or other disinfectants are seen as less reliably effective. The product is natural and even safe to drink, the firm claims.

The development by Aqualution comes after Scotland's "dirty dozen" hospitals were named and shamed by the Healthcare Environment Inspectorate last week. They included Edinburgh's Western General, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and Queen Margaret Hospital in Dunfermline.

The process for creating hypochlorous acid, a solution that naturally occurs in the human body and a by-product of mixing chlorine and water, has been known since the 1970s. It was first developed as part of the Russian space programme. But until recently, the solution has proved unstable and couldn't be stored. Aqualution believes it has developed a process whereby the resulting product is stable and can be sold in spray bottles and barrels

Steve Godber, the chairman of Aqualution, said: "The product is usually generated in situ for use in industrial cleaning, for food and drink plants. We have managed to get it with a shelf-life of about two years. That transforms it to something that you can use packaged where and when you need it."

Aqualution has a turnover of less than £1 million, generated through the manufacture of electrodialysis machines at Duns, which the firm sells or leases to customers, particularly in the food and agriculture sector. Clients include drinks maker Britvic and Glenrath Farms, one of Scotland's largest egg producers.

Godber aims to scale up the business through both the leasing of machines and the sale of bottles of biocide water. The firm will invest £25,000 expand its operation in Duns to start packaging the product in half-litre and one-litre bottles, plus five-litre drums.

Aqualution has also applied to have the solution registered under the European Biocidal Products Directive.

Godber estimates it will take another year-and-a-half to complete the registration process, but says this will give the firm's product a competitive edge.he total cost of the application will reach £1m.

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http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/8154483/Daily-aspirin-dose-for-everyone-over-45.html
24 Nov 2010


Everyone aged over 45 should consider a small daily dose of aspirin to help protect themselves against heart disease and cancer, a panel of experts suggested yesterday.

Evidence is building that the benefits for many healthy middle-aged and older people “far outweigh” the side effects, according to the academics.

In particular, individuals at higher risk from the country’s two biggest killers would be helped by taking the painkiller as a preventive medicine, they added.

The experts were speaking at the Royal Society of Medicine a month after research from Oxford University published in The Lancet showed that taking 75mg of aspirin daily for five years reduces the risk of getting bowel cancer by a quarter, and deaths from the disease by a third. A 75mg dose is a quarter of the standard over-the-counter pill.

Earlier studies had already shown that a low daily dose could reduce the risk of developing heart disease.

Members of the panel said that the recent research was potentially of “enormous importance” to public health.

Bowel, or colorectal, cancer is the third most common form of the disease in Britain, with 39,000 diagnoses annually and 16,000 deaths.

The Lancet study suggests greater aspirin use could potentially save thousands of lives a year in relation to this one cancer alone.

But research is also looking into whether aspirin could have a preventive effect on other types of cancer as well.

Combined, all cancers claim more than 150,000 lives in Britain every year, while cardiovascular disease accounts for some 200,000 deaths.

Prof Peter Rothwell, the Oxford neurologist who led the bowel cancer study and was part of yesterday’s panel, has started taking a daily dose of aspirin himself. He said: “I suspect that in five to 10 years’ time we will be prescribing aspirin to middle-aged people, not only for the known vascular benefits.”

But members of the public might take matters into their own hands before then, he predicted.

“If it becomes clear that there are benefits for other cancers, then the balance of risk and benefit will become so clear that people may take the decision to take it for themselves,” he said. “It seems implausible that this effect on colorectal cancer is going to be a completely isolated phenomenon in relation to other cancers, given that we know that there are similarities between how cancers develop.”

Prof Rothwell said that he thought it would be “sensible” for people to start taking aspirin at about 45, when the chance of developing bowel and other cancers began to rise. “The risk of cancer goes up substantially between the age of 40 and 55,” he said.

As aspirin had a preventive effect, it was advisable to start taking it daily towards the beginning of that period, he explained. However, he said it was ultimately up to individuals to decide whether to take the drug, “rather than us making definitive statements”.

Prof Peter Elwood, of Cardiff University’s School of Medicine, who conducted the first trial into the effect of aspirin on heart disease in the 1970s, said: “I think we are on the brink of another breakthrough of enormous importance to the community in general.”

Prof Gordon McVie, a leading cancer specialist, from the European Institute of Oncology, said the discussion among the experts was whether this was metaphorically a “put-it-in-the-water moment”.

Opinion on the subject varies however. Experts are divided particularly over the question of to whom aspirin should be recommended as a daily preventive medicine.

The drug was formulated as a painkiller more than a century ago but researchers are finding that it can help in diseases ranging from heart disease to dementia.

Advocates believe that its active ingredient is akin to a vitamin that almost everybody should take, as our modern diet does not provide it. Others point out that taking the drug is known to double the incidence of intestinal bleeding, from about one in 1,000 people per year to about two.

The question is how much of the population – in terms of their age and their risk of developing serious diseases – should be recommended to take aspirin on a daily basis.

Prof McVie said: “I think there’s a frankly conservative feeling in this group, that for [colorectal] cancer, it should be targeted for people at higher risk.”

Prof Sir John Burn, a geneticist at Newcastle University, said: “The problem is, if we recommend something to the whole population, then we will see side effects.

“We know aspirin can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. That is to some extent holding back the situation.” Prof Dion Morton, a colorectal surgeon at University Hospital Birmingham, was another of those attending yesterday’s meeting, which was convened by the Aspirin Foundation.

He said that medicine was increasingly using a “stratified approach, where we target the right drugs at the right patients”.

He thought regulatory approval should be sought for doctors to prescribe aspirin as a preventive medicine for those at a higher risk of bowel cancer. “If they have not been told in writing they should be advocating it, they won’t advocate it,” Prof Morton said.

While intestinal bleeding was serious, research suggested that aspirin increased the risk only of less serious cases, said Prof Elwood. He said there was some evidence that the intestines adjusted to aspirin over the long term.

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/12/101206201240.htm    
Dec. 7, 2010


New research shows that a daily low dose of aspirin significantly reduces the number of deaths from a whole range of common cancers. (Credit: iStockphoto)

A daily low dose of aspirin significantly reduces the number of deaths from a whole range of common cancers, an Oxford University study has found.

The 20% drop in all cancer deaths seen in the study adds new evidence to the debate about whether otherwise healthy people in their 40s and 50s should consider taking a low dose of aspirin each day.

Aspirin is already known to be beneficial for those at high risk of heart disease. But among healthy people, the benefit in lower chances of heart problems only marginally outweighs the small risk of stomach bleeds.

The large size of the effect now seen in preventing cancer deaths may begin to tip the balance in favour of taking aspirin, the scientists suggest, but say that it is a matter for the health bodies who write treatment guidelines.

"These results do not mean that all adults should immediately start taking aspirin," cautions Professor Peter Rothwell of the Department of Clinical Neurology at Oxford University, who led the work. "But they do demonstrate major new benefits that have not previously been factored into guideline recommendations."

"Previous guidelines have rightly cautioned that in healthy middle aged people the small risk of bleeding on aspirin partly offsets the benefit from prevention of strokes and heart attacks, but the reductions in deaths due to several common cancers will now alter this balance for many people."

However, he adds: "I don't think it's necessarily right for the person who did the research to say what guidelines should be. We can't say with absolute certainty that there won't be some unknown harm in taking aspirin for 30 years, but it looks as if there would be pretty large benefits in reducing cancer deaths. People have to accept there's some uncertainty here."

Professor Rothwell and colleagues recently established that a low dose of aspirin (75 mg per day, or a quarter of the normal dose taken for pain relief) taken for longer than five years reduces death rates from bowel cancer by more than a third.

In this new work, scientists from Oxford, Edinburgh, London and Japan used data on over 670 deaths from cancer in a range of randomised trials involving over 25,000 people. These trials compared daily use of aspirin against no aspirin and were done originally to look for any preventative effect against heart disease.

The results, published in the Lancet, showed that aspirin reduced death due to any cancer by around 20% during the trials. But the benefits of aspirin only became apparent after taking the drug for 5 years or more, suggesting aspirin works by slowing or preventing the early stages of the disease so that the effect is only seen much later.

After 5 years of taking aspirin, the data from patients in the trials showed that death rates were 34% less for all cancers and as much as 54% less for gastrointestinal cancers, such as oesophagus, stomach, bowel, pancreas and liver cancers.

The researchers also wanted to determine if the benefits from aspirin continued over time. By using cancer registries and death records, they were able to follow up what had happened to participants in three of the trials.

They showed that risk of cancer death over a period of 20 years remained 20% lower for all solid cancers among those who had taken aspirin (even though they would have been unlikely to have continued taking aspirin after the trials finished), and 35% lower for gastrointestinal cancers.

It took about 5 years to see a benefit in taking aspirin for oesophagus, pancreatic, brain, and lung cancer; about 10 years for stomach and bowel cancer; and about 15 years for prostate cancer. The 20-year risk of death was reduced by about 10% for prostate cancer, 30% for lung cancer, 40% for bowel cancer and 60% for oesophagus cancer.

As the evidence points to a delayed preventative effect against cancer, Professor Rothwell believes that it would be those who started taking aspirin in their late 40s or 50s -- ie before people's risk of cancer starts increasing -- and then continued for 20 to 30 years who might eventually see the most benefit.

Professor Rothwell estimates that in terms of cost-effectiveness, taking low-dose aspirin daily is likely to be much more cost-effective than those interventions already used for preventing cancer, such as screening for breast or prostate cancer.

He does note that more research is necessary to understand more about the effect aspirin has on cancer.

While this study looked at how aspirin affected deaths from cancer, Professor Rothwell and colleagues now aim to look at any protective effect of aspirin on the incidence or progression of cancer. The researchers also point out that more trial data are needed on breast cancer and other cancers that particularly affect women.

"Perhaps the most important finding for the longer term is the proof of principle that cancers can be prevented by simple compounds like aspirin," says Professor Rothwell.

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/09/100915205718.htm    
Sep. 16, 2010


Even the lowest possible dose of aspirin (75 mg) can ward off bowel cancer, if taken regularly, finds research published online in the journal Gut.

This protective effect is apparent after just one year and in the general population, not just those considered to be at risk of developing the disease, which is the second most common cause of cancer death in the world, killing almost half a million people every year.

Although previous research has shown that aspirin protects against bowel cancer, it is not known what the most effective dose is and how long it needs to be taken for.

The research team investigated just under 2,800 people with bowel cancer and just under 3,000 healthy people, matched for age, sex, and residential locality.

All participants completed food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires to assess their usual diet and lifestyle choices, which are known to influence bowel cancer risk.

NSAID (non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug) intake was categorised as taking more than four tablets a month of low dose aspirin (75 mg), other NSAIDs, or a mix.

The likelihood of surviving bowel cancer once diagnosed or developing the disease anew was then tracked over five years.

In all, 354 (15.5%) of those with bowel cancer were taking low dose aspirin compared with 526 (18%) of their healthy peers.

Taking any NSAID regularly, curbed the chances of developing bowel cancer compared with those who didn't take these painkillers.

This finding held true, irrespective of lifestyle choices, age, diet, weight, and level of deprivation

After a year, taking daily low dose aspirin was associated with a 22% reduced risk of developing bowel cancer, and the magnitude of the reduction in risk was cumulative, rising to 30% after five years.

Some 1,170 people died out of a total of 3,417 people diagnosed with bowel cancer (including those who were healthy at the start of the study) during the monitoring period. Most of these deaths (1,023) were attributable to the disease.

Information on NSAID intake was available for 676 of these 1,023 deaths, and it showed that taking NSAIDs of any kind did not influence the risk of death from any cause nor did it increase bowel cancer survival.

But, crucially, the findings show that high doses of aspirin, taken for a long time, are not needed to help ward off bowel cancer, say the authors.

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/070326181422.htm    
Mar. 27, 2007

Women who take low to moderate doses of aspirin have a reduced risk of death from any cause, and especially heart disease--related deaths, according to a report in the March 26 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Some studies have provided evidence that aspirin may reduce the risk of heart disease and some types of cancer, the two leading causes of death in U.S. women, according to background information in the article. However, it is unclear whether aspirin reduces the risk of death overall for women.

Andrew T. Chan, M.D., M.P.H., Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, and colleagues examined the association between aspirin use and death in 79,439 women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study, a large group of female nurses who have been followed since 1976. Beginning in 1980 and again every two years through 2004, the women were asked if they used aspirin regularly and if so, how many tablets they typically took per week. At the beginning of the study, the women had no history of cardiovascular disease or cancer.

A total of 45,305 women did not use aspirin; 29,132 took low to moderate doses (one to 14 standard 325-milligram tablets of aspirin per week); and 5,002 took more than 14 tablets per week. By June 1, 2004, 9,477 of the women had died, 1,991 of heart disease and 4,469 of cancer. Women who reported using aspirin currently had a 25 percent lower risk of death from any cause than women who never used aspirin regularly. The association was stronger for death from cardiovascular disease (women who used aspirin had a 38 percent lower risk) than for death from cancer (women who used aspirin had a 12 percent lower risk).

"Use of aspirin for one to five years was associated with significant reductions in cardiovascular mortality," the authors write. "In contrast, a significant reduction in risk of cancer deaths was not observed until after 10 years of aspirin use. The benefit associated with aspirin was confined to low and moderate doses and was significantly greater in older participants and those with more cardiac risk factors."

There are several mechanisms by which aspirin could reduce the risk of death, the authors note. "Aspirin therapy may influence cardiovascular disease and cancer through its effect on common pathogenic pathways such as inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress [damage to the cells caused by oxygen exposure] and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme activity," also linked to inflammation, they write.

Because the study looked at women who made the decision themselves whether or not to take aspirin, as opposed to a clinical trial where women are randomly assigned to aspirin or a placebo, the results do not suggest that all women should take aspirin. "Nevertheless, these data support a need for continued investigation of the use of aspirin for chronic disease prevention," the authors conclude.

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/11/061116100758.htm    
Nov. 17, 2006

Taking low-dose aspirin daily reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke, as well as the risk of dying, among patients who previously have had a heart attack or stroke but whose cardiovascular disease has stabilized, according to a new analysis by Duke University Medical Center cardiologists.

The study also found that taking low-dose aspirin daily increases a patient's risk of bleeding, but the researchers said the protective benefits of aspirin outweigh this side effect. A daily dose of aspirin is considered low if it is between 81 milligrams and 325 milligrams.

"Among patients with stable cardiovascular disease, we found that low-dose aspirin reduced incidence of heart attack, stroke and death," said cardiology fellow Jeffrey Berger, M.D., who presented the results of the study on Wednesday, Nov. 15, at the annual scientific sessions of the American Heart Association, in Chicago.

"We also saw an increased risk of bleeding among patients taking aspirin, but as in the decision-making process involving any therapy, there is always the weighing of benefits and risks," Berger added. "Since a great majority of patients can tolerate aspirin, the benefits appear to outweigh the risks. Aspirin is a drug that has been used for many years. It is well-understood, effective, inexpensive and widely available. In aspirin we have a proven life-saver."

The study was supported by Duke's Division of Cardiology.

Aspirin exerts its protective effect by preventing the clumping together of platelets circulating in the blood, according to the researchers. It is this anticlotting action that also causes unwanted bleeding.

In the Duke study, Berger and colleagues combined the data from six clinical trials that enrolled patients with stable cardiovascular disease or stable angina, or chest pain, and gave them low-dose aspirin. In total, the trials included 9,853 patients.

The researchers found that patients who took low-dose aspirin had a 26 percent reduction in the risk of a nonfatal heart attack, a 25 percent reduction in the risk of stroke and a 13 percent reduction in risk of death, compared with similar heart patients who did not take aspirin. Taken together, Berger said, patients on low-dose aspirin had a 21 percent reduction in risk of experiencing a major cardiovascular event, a measurement that is the combination of the rates of nonfatal heart attack and stroke and of cardiovascular death.

In terms of aspirin's effect in promoting bleeding, the study found that one patient out of 111 who received low-dose aspirin experienced a bleeding episode, Berger said.

Putting the results another way, Berger said, the results suggest that treating 83 patients will prevent one nonfatal heart attack, treating 40 patients will prevent one stroke, treating 30 patients will prevent one major cardiovascular event and treating 71 patients will prevent one death.

"When compared to other medications that have been proven effective in preventing cardiovascular events, aspirin comes off looking very good," Berger said.

For example, 91 patients would need to be treated with ACE inhibitors to prevent one death, compared with 71 patients for aspirin, he said. ACE inhibitors dilate blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. Ninety-one patients would need to be treated with the inhibitors to prevent one heart attack, compared with 83 for aspirin, and 167 would need to be treated with the inhibitors to prevent one stroke, compared with 40 patients with aspirin.

"These comparisons show that a cheap and inexpensive medicine like aspirin is just as good, if not better, than other expensive medicines," Berger said.

Still, there is room for improvement in aspirin therapy, he said. In particular, he said, more study is needed to identify what dosage in the low-dose range -- from 81 milligrams to 325 milligrams a day -- will provide the best benefit-to-risk profile.

Other members of the research team were Richard Becker of Duke and David Brown of the State University of New York-Stony Brook Medical Center.

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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080312220010.htm    
Mar. 17, 2008

A small dose of aspirin on alternate days can cut the risk of developing asthma among women, suggests a large study, published ahead of print in Thorax.

The findings are based on almost 40,000 female healthcare professionals, who were part of the Women's Health Study. The women were all aged 45 and above, and had no serious illness, allergy, or asthma at the start of the study.

Participants were either randomly assigned to take 100 mg of aspirin every other day, or a dummy tablet (placebo). And their health was then monitored for around 10 years.

During this time, there were 10% fewer new cases of asthma diagnosed among the women taking aspirin.

In this group 872 new cases were diagnosed compared with 963 among those taking the placebo.

The effect was evident, irrespective of age, menopausal status, exercise levels, and smoking, all factors that might be expected to influence the findings.

And vitamin E supplementation, which was also being tested among the women, to see if it prevented cardiovascular disease and cancer, did not affect the results either.

But aspirin did not lessen the risk of asthma in women who were classified as obese.

Previous research in male doctors showed that aspirin cut the risks of asthma by 22%, although the dose was much higher, at 325 mg every other day.

Among people who have already been diagnosed with asthma, aspirin can worsen symptoms in around one in 10, say the authors. But exactly how low dose aspirin might reduce susceptibility to asthma in adults is not clear.

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http://english.pravda.ru/science/earth/25-11-2010/115942-carbonated-0/
25.11.2010

 
Carbonated drinks...immediate relief from thirst. Or a death trap? Medical research is frightening when it isn't hidden. Carbonated (gas) drinks...the link with gout, osteoporosis, diabetes, dehydration, cancer?

Gout...increased risk for women, specially, when they drink soft beverages rich in fructose...Osteoporosis, caused by the carbonic and phosphoric acid in the carbonated drinks.  How? CO2. Carbonation irritates the stomach, which reacts by finding calcium from the blood as an antacid and the blood turns to the bones to replenish its calcium.

Result? Brittle bones. Diabetes?

Carbonated drinks are ultra-high in sugar...and when ingested in high quantities, it sends signals to the pancreas, which sends massive quantities of insulin into the system to prevent nerve damage, reducing in turn testosterone levels which affect the calcium levels in the bones.

Cancer? Carbonated beverages cause acid reflux, damaging tissues in vulnerable areas, such as the oesophagus. These lesions can become cancerous. Healthy systems need to be alkaline 7.365...but carbonated drinks register at 2.8. This is 100,000 times more acidic than water.
Salt in carbonated beverages reduces the amount of water in cells. 75% of American citizens are chronically dehydrated. Sugar in carbonated drinks increases hunger, leading to binge eating. Soda drinks provoke an insulin response from the pancreas. Diabetes.

Increased sugar, obesity.

Olga Selyanina
Pravda.Ru

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http://bathsheba.com/math/klein/
3-D Rotation : http://www.bathsheba.com/math/klein/klein3d.html


The problem of beer  That it is within a 'bottle', i.e. a boundaryless compact 2-manifold homeomorphic to the sphere.  Since beer bottles are not (usually) pathological or "wild" spheres, but smooth manifolds, they separate 3-space into two non-communicating regions: inside, containing beer, and outside, containing you.  This state must not remain.

A proposed solution  Clearly the elegant course is to introduce a non-orientable manifold, which has one side and does not divide 3-space.  When juxtaposed with the beer-bounding manifold described above, it acts to disrupt the continuity thereof, canceling the outdated paradigm of distinction between interior and exterior.  This enables the desired interaction between beer and self.

Implementation The Klein Bottle Opener1 shown above is an example.  It is palm-sized, durably constructed in stainless steel, effective2, and blissfully ergonomic.

Q E D  You need one.

[1]  This sculpture is factory-finished with a heat-treated patina.  It's glossier and more golden than the hand-finished version, and is unsigned.

[2]  Yes, it really works!

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http://blog.modernmechanix.com/2008/09/07/pills-to-keep-you-warm/
(Nov, 1957)

A pill that may increase resistance to cold is being tested at the Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory near Fairbanks, Alaska. The pill contains glycine, an amino-acid that causes the body to generate more heat than it can otherwise produce. It is hoped the pill might enable men to stay alive longer in icy water, and hasten the warming of a man who has been chilled to a critical point of exposure. At the laboratory, operated by the Air Force at Ladd Air Force Base, volunteers are taking the pills with no evidence of ill effect. If the tests are successful the pills could be included in survival kits. Glycine also may make possible a technique of heart surgery in which the heart can be chilled to the point where it stops for an hour or more without suffering damage. According to scientists working at the Air Force laboratory, the heart suffers “ventricular fibrillation” when its temperature is lowered to about 78 degrees Fahrenheit. This is a loss of rhythmic beat, which causes death. Hence, in heart surgery, the organ can be chilled only enough to stop its beating for six or eight minutes. Glycine in the bloodstream may enable the heart to be chilled past this critical temperature. Extensive research has been carried out at the laboratory with Negroes, Eskimos, and whites to find out why some ethnic groups seem more resistant to cold than others. Among Negroes who agreed to act as subjects in the experiments, basal metabolism—that is, their rate of energy production—fell more rapidly than it did in white men. Similar studies of Eskimos produced no evidence that their bodies were better equipped for the cold than those of white men. The Eskimos’ ability to endure extremely low temperatures seems based on acquired skills and excellently adapted clothing and diet.

http://www.fromthewilderness.com/free/ww3/100303_eating_oil.html

EATING FOSSIL FUELS

by

Dale Allen Pfeiffer

[ This article is part of what later became Dale's book by the same title as the article. It may be ordered at his MOUNTAIN SENTINEL website ]

Human beings (like all other animals) draw their energy from the food they eat. Until the last century, all of the food energy available on this planet was derived from the sun through photosynthesis. Either you ate plants or you ate animals that fed on plants, but the energy in your food was ultimately derived from the sun.

It would have been absurd to think that we would one day run out of sunshine. No, sunshine was an abundant, renewable resource, and the process of photosynthesis fed all life on this planet. It also set a limit on the amount of food that could be generated at any one time, and therefore placed a limit upon population growth. Solar energy has a limited rate of flow into this planet. To increase your food production, you had to increase the acreage under cultivation, and displace your competitors. There was no other way to increase the amount of energy available for food production. Human population grew by displacing everything else and appropriating more and more of the available solar energy.

The need to expand agricultural production was one of the motive causes behind most of the wars in recorded history, along with expansion of the energy base (and agricultural production is truly an essential portion of the energy base). And when Europeans could no longer expand cultivation, they began the task of conquering the world. Explorers were followed by conquistadors and traders and settlers. The declared reasons for expansion may have been trade, avarice, empire or simply curiosity, but at its base, it was all about the expansion of agricultural productivity. Wherever explorers and conquistadors traveled, they may have carried off loot, but they left plantations. And settlers toiled to clear land and establish their own homestead. This conquest and expansion went on until there was no place left for further expansion. Certainly, to this day, landowners and farmers fight to claim still more land for agricultural productivity, but they are fighting over crumbs. Today, virtually all of the productive land on this planet is being exploited by agriculture. What remains unused is too steep, too wet, too dry or lacking in soil nutrients.1

Just when agricultural output could expand no more by increasing acreage, new innovations made possible a more thorough exploitation of the acreage already available. The process of “pest” displacement and appropriation for agriculture accelerated with the industrial revolution as the mechanization of agriculture hastened the clearing and tilling of land and augmented the amount of farmland which could be tended by one person. With every increase in food production, the human population grew apace.

At present, nearly 40% of all land-based photosynthetic capability has been appropriated by human beings.2 In the United States we divert more than half of the energy captured by photosynthesis.3 We have taken over all the prime real estate on this planet. The rest of nature is forced to make due with what is left. Plainly, this is one of the major factors in species extinctions and in ecosystem stress.

The Green Revolution

In the 1950s and 1960s, agriculture underwent a drastic transformation commonly referred to as the Green Revolution. The Green Revolution resulted in the industrialization of agriculture. Part of the advance resulted from new hybrid food plants, leading to more productive food crops. Between 1950 and 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the globe, world grain production increased by 250%.4 That is a tremendous increase in the amount of food energy available for human consumption. This additional energy did not come from an increase in incipient sunlight, nor did it result from introducing agriculture to new vistas of land. The energy for the Green Revolution was provided by fossil fuels in the form of fertilizers (natural gas), pesticides (oil), and hydrocarbon fueled irrigation.

The Green Revolution increased the energy flow to agriculture by an average of 50 times the energy input of traditional agriculture.5 In the most extreme cases, energy consumption by agriculture has increased 100 fold or more.6

In the United States, 400 gallons of oil equivalents are expended annually to feed each American (as of data provided in 1994).7 Agricultural energy consumption is broken down as follows:

31% for the manufacture of inorganic fertilizer
19% for the operation of field machinery
16% for transportation
13% for irrigation
08% for raising livestock (not including livestock feed)
05% for crop drying
05% for pesticide production
08% miscellaneous8

Energy costs for packaging, refrigeration, transportation to retail outlets, and household cooking are not considered in these figures.

To give the reader an idea of the energy intensiveness of modern agriculture, production of one kilogram of nitrogen for fertilizer requires the energy equivalent of from 1.4 to 1.8 liters of diesel fuel. This is not considering the natural gas feedstock.9 According to The Fertilizer Institute (http://www.tfi.org), in the year from June 30 2001 until June 30 2002 the United States used 12,009,300 short tons of nitrogen fertilizer.10 Using the low figure of 1.4 liters diesel equivalent per kilogram of nitrogen, this equates to the energy content of 15.3 billion liters of diesel fuel, or 96.2 million barrels.

 Of course, this is only a rough comparison to aid comprehension of the energy requirements for modern agriculture.

In a very real sense, we are literally eating fossil fuels. However, due to the laws of thermodynamics, there is not a direct correspondence between energy inflow and outflow in agriculture. Along the way, there is a marked energy loss. Between 1945 and 1994, energy input to agriculture increased 4-fold while crop yields only increased 3-fold.11 Since then, energy input has continued to increase without a corresponding increase in crop yield. We have reached the point of marginal returns. Yet, due to soil degradation, increased demands of pest management and increasing energy costs for irrigation (all of which is examined below), modern agriculture must continue increasing its energy expenditures simply to maintain current crop yields. The Green Revolution is becoming bankrupt.

Fossil Fuel Costs

Solar energy is a renewable resource limited only by the inflow rate from the sun to the earth. Fossil fuels, on the other hand, are a stock-type resource that can be exploited at a nearly limitless rate. However, on a human timescale, fossil fuels are nonrenewable. They represent a planetary energy deposit which we can draw from at any rate we wish, but which will eventually be exhausted without renewal. The Green Revolution tapped into this energy deposit and used it to increase agricultural production.

Total fossil fuel use in the United States has increased 20-fold in the last 4 decades. In the US, we consume 20 to 30 times more fossil fuel energy per capita than people in developing nations. Agriculture directly accounts for 17% of all the energy used in this country.12 As of 1990, we were using approximately 1,000 liters (6.41 barrels) of oil to produce food of one hectare of land.13

In 1994, David Pimentel and Mario Giampietro estimated the output/input ratio of agriculture to be around 1.4.14 For 0.7 Kilogram-Calories (kcal) of fossil energy consumed, U.S. agriculture produced 1 kcal of food. The input figure for this ratio was based on FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN) statistics, which consider only fertilizers (without including fertilizer feedstock), irrigation, pesticides (without including pesticide feedstock), and machinery and fuel for field operations. Other agricultural energy inputs not considered were energy and machinery for drying crops, transportation for inputs and outputs to and from the farm, electricity, and construction and maintenance of farm buildings and infrastructures. Adding in estimates for these energy costs brought the input/output energy ratio down to 1.15 Yet this does not include the energy expense of packaging, delivery to retail outlets, refrigeration or household cooking.

In a subsequent study completed later that same year (1994), Giampietro and Pimentel managed to derive a more accurate ratio of the net fossil fuel energy ratio of agriculture.16 In this study, the authors defined two separate forms of energy input: Endosomatic energy and Exosomatic energy. Endosomatic energy is generated through the metabolic transformation of food energy into muscle energy in the human body. Exosomatic energy is generated by transforming energy outside of the human body, such as burning gasoline in a tractor. This assessment allowed the authors to look at fossil fuel input alone and in ratio to other inputs.

Prior to the industrial revolution, virtually 100% of both endosomatic and exosomatic energy was solar driven. Fossil fuels now represent 90% of the exosomatic energy used in the United States and other developed countries.17 The typical exo/endo ratio of pre-industrial, solar powered societies is about 4 to 1. The ratio has changed tenfold in developed countries, climbing to 40 to 1. And in the United States it is more than 90 to 1.18 The nature of the way we use endosomatic energy has changed as well.

The vast majority of endosomatic energy is no longer expended to deliver power for direct economic processes. Now the majority of endosomatic energy is utilized to generate the flow of information directing the flow of exosomatic energy driving machines. Considering the 90/1 exo/endo ratio in the United States, each endosomatic kcal of energy expended in the US induces the circulation of 90 kcal of exosomatic energy. As an example, a small gasoline engine can convert the 38,000 kcal in one gallon of gasoline into 8.8 KWh (Kilowatt hours), which equates to about 3 weeks of work for one human being.19

In their refined study, Giampietro and Pimentel found that 10 kcal of exosomatic energy are required to produce 1 kcal of food delivered to the consumer in the U.S. food system. This includes packaging and all delivery expenses, but excludes household cooking).20 The U.S. food system consumes ten times more energy than it produces in food energy. This disparity is made possible by nonrenewable fossil fuel stocks.

Assuming a figure of 2,500 kcal per capita for the daily diet in the United States, the 10/1 ratio translates into a cost of 35,000 kcal of exosomatic energy per capita each day. However, considering that the average return on one hour of endosomatic labor in the U.S. is about 100,000 kcal of exosomatic energy, the flow of exosomatic energy required to supply the daily diet is achieved in only 20 minutes of labor in our current system. Unfortunately, if you remove fossil fuels from the equation, the daily diet will require 111 hours of endosomatic labor per capita; that is, the current U.S. daily diet would require nearly three weeks of labor per capita to produce.

Quite plainly, as fossil fuel production begins to decline within the next decade, there will be less energy available for the production of food.

Soil, Cropland and Water

Modern intensive agriculture is unsustainable. Technologically-enhanced agriculture has augmented soil erosion, polluted and overdrawn groundwater and surface water, and even (largely due to increased pesticide use) caused serious public health and environmental problems. Soil erosion, overtaxed cropland and water resource overdraft in turn lead to even greater use of fossil fuels and hydrocarbon products. More hydrocarbon-based fertilizers must be applied, along with more pesticides; irrigation water requires more energy to pump; and fossil fuels are used to process polluted water.

It takes 500 years to replace 1 inch of topsoil.21 In a natural environment, topsoil is built up by decaying plant matter and weathering rock, and it is protected from erosion by growing plants. In soil made susceptible by agriculture, erosion is reducing productivity up to 65% each year.22 Former prairie lands, which constitute the bread basket of the United States, have lost one half of their topsoil after farming for about 100 years. This soil is eroding 30 times faster than the natural formation rate.23 Food crops are much hungrier than the natural grasses that once covered the Great Plains. As a result, the remaining topsoil is increasingly depleted of nutrients. Soil erosion and mineral depletion removes about $20 billion worth of plant nutrients from U.S. agricultural soils every year.24 Much of the soil in the Great Plains is little more than a sponge into which we must pour hydrocarbon-based fertilizers in order to produce crops.

Every year in the U.S., more than 2 million acres of cropland are lost to erosion, salinization and water logging. On top of this, urbanization, road building, and industry claim another 1 million acres annually from farmland.24 Approximately three-quarters of the land area in the United States is devoted to agriculture and commercial forestry.25 The expanding human population is putting increasing pressure on land availability. Incidentally, only a small portion of U.S. land area remains available for the solar energy technologies necessary to support a solar energy-based economy. The land area for harvesting biomass is likewise limited. For this reason, the development of solar energy or biomass must be at the expense of agriculture.

Modern agriculture also places a strain on our water resources. Agriculture consumes fully 85% of all U.S. freshwater resources.26 Overdraft is occurring from many surface water resources, especially in the west and south. The typical example is the Colorado River, which is diverted to a trickle by the time it reaches the Pacific. Yet surface water only supplies 60% of the water used in irrigation. The remainder, and in some places the majority of water for irrigation, comes from ground water aquifers. Ground water is recharged slowly by the percolation of rainwater through the earth's crust. Less than 0.1% of the stored ground water mined annually is replaced by rainfall.27 The great Ogallala aquifer that supplies agriculture, industry and home use in much of the southern and central plains states has an annual overdraft up to 160% above its recharge rate. The Ogallala aquifer will become unproductive in a matter of decades.28

We can illustrate the demand that modern agriculture places on water resources by looking at a farmland producing corn. A corn crop that produces 118 bushels/acre/year requires more than 500,000 gallons/acre of water during the growing season. The production of 1 pound of maize requires 1,400 pounds (or 175 gallons) of water.29 Unless something is done to lower these consumption rates, modern agriculture will help to propel the United States into a water crisis.

In the last two decades, the use of hydrocarbon-based pesticides in the U.S. has increased 33-fold, yet each year we lose more crops to pests.30 This is the result of the abandonment of traditional crop rotation practices. Nearly 50% of U.S. corn land is grown continuously as a monoculture.31 This results in an increase in corn pests, which in turn requires the use of more pesticides. Pesticide use on corn crops had increased 1,000-fold even before the introduction of genetically engineered, pesticide resistant corn. However, corn losses have still risen 4-fold.32

Modern intensive agriculture is unsustainable. It is damaging the land, draining water supplies and polluting the environment. And all of this requires more and more fossil fuel input to pump irrigation water, to replace nutrients, to provide pest protection, to remediate the environment and simply to hold crop production at a constant. Yet this necessary fossil fuel input is going to crash headlong into declining fossil fuel production.

US Consumption

In the United States, each person consumes an average of 2,175 pounds of food per person per year. This provides the U.S. consumer with an average daily energy intake of 3,600 Calories. The world average is 2,700 Calories per day.33 Fully 19% of the U.S. caloric intake comes from fast food. Fast food accounts for 34% of the total food consumption for the average U.S. citizen. The average citizen dines out for one meal out of four.34

One third of the caloric intake of the average American comes from animal sources (including dairy products), totaling 800 pounds per person per year. This diet means that U.S. citizens derive 40% of their calories from fat-nearly half of their diet. 35

Americans are also grand consumers of water. As of one decade ago, Americans were consuming 1,450 gallons/day/capita (g/d/c), with the largest amount expended on agriculture. Allowing for projected population increase, consumption by 2050 is projected at 700 g/d/c, which hydrologists consider to be minimal for human needs.36 This is without taking into consideration declining fossil fuel production.

To provide all of this food requires the application of 0.6 million metric tons of pesticides in North America per year. This is over one fifth of the total annual world pesticide use, estimated at 2.5 million tons.37 Worldwide, more nitrogen fertilizer is used per year than can be supplied through natural sources. Likewise, water is pumped out of underground aquifers at a much higher rate than it is recharged. And stocks of important minerals, such as phosphorus and potassium, are quickly approaching exhaustion.38

Total U.S. energy consumption is more than three times the amount of solar energy harvested as crop and forest products. The United States consumes 40% more energy annually than the total amount of solar energy captured yearly by all U.S. plant biomass. Per capita use of fossil energy in North America is five times the world average.39

Our prosperity is built on the principal of exhausting the world's resources as quickly as possible, without any thought to our neighbors, all the other life on this planet, or our children.

Population & Sustainability

Considering a growth rate of 1.1% per year, the U.S. population is projected to double by 2050. As the population expands, an estimated one acre of land will be lost for every person added to the U.S. population. Currently, there are 1.8 acres of farmland available to grow food for each U.S. citizen. By 2050, this will decrease to 0.6 acres. 1.2 acres per person is required in order to maintain current dietary standards.40

Presently, only two nations on the planet are major exporters of grain: the United States and Canada.41 By 2025, it is expected that the U.S. will cease to be a food exporter due to domestic demand. The impact on the U.S. economy could be devastating, as food exports earn $40 billion for the U.S. annually. More importantly, millions of people around the world could starve to death without U.S. food exports.42

Domestically, 34.6 million people are living in poverty as of 2002 census data.43 And this number is continuing to grow at an alarming rate. Too many of these people do not have a sufficient diet. As the situation worsens, this number will increase and the United States will witness growing numbers of starvation fatalities.

There are some things that we can do to at least alleviate this tragedy. It is suggested that streamlining agriculture to get rid of losses, waste and mismanagement might cut the energy inputs for food production by up to one-half.35 In place of fossil fuel-based fertilizers, we could utilize livestock manures that are now wasted. It is estimated that livestock manures contain 5 times the amount of fertilizer currently used each year.36 Perhaps most effective would be to eliminate meat from our diet altogether.37

Mario Giampietro and David Pimentel postulate that a sustainable food system is possible only if four conditions are met:

1.   Environmentally sound agricultural technologies must be implemented.

2.   Renewable energy technologies must be put into place.

3.   Major increases in energy efficiency must reduce exosomatic energy consumption per capita.

4.   Population size and consumption must be compatible with maintaining the stability of environmental processes.38

Providing that the first three conditions are met, with a reduction to less than half of the exosomatic energy consumption per capita, the authors place the maximum population for a sustainable economy at 200 million.39 Several other studies have produced figures within this ballpark (Energy and Population, Werbos, Paul J. http://www.dieoff.com/page63.htm; Impact of Population Growth on Food Supplies and Environment, Pimentel, David, et al. http://www.dieoff.com/page57.htm).

Given that the current U.S. population is in excess of 292 million, 40 that would mean a reduction of 92 million. To achieve a sustainable economy and avert disaster, the United States must reduce its population by at least one-third. The black plague during the 14th Century claimed approximately one-third of the European population (and more than half of the Asian and Indian populations), plunging the continent into a darkness from which it took them nearly two centuries to emerge.41

None of this research considers the impact of declining fossil fuel production. The authors of all of these studies believe that the mentioned agricultural crisis will only begin to impact us after 2020, and will not become critical until 2050. The current peaking of global oil production (and subsequent decline of production), along with the peak of North American natural gas production will very likely precipitate this agricultural crisis much sooner than expected. Quite possibly, a U.S. population reduction of one-third will not be effective for sustainability; the necessary reduction might be in excess of one-half. And, for sustainability, global population will have to be reduced from the current 6.32 billion people42 to 2 billion-a reduction of 68% or over two-thirds. The end of this decade could see spiraling food prices without relief. And the coming decade could see massive starvation on a global level such as never experienced before by the human race.

Three Choices

Considering the utter necessity of population reduction, there are three obvious choices awaiting us.

We can-as a society-become aware of our dilemma and consciously make the choice not to add more people to our population. This would be the most welcome of our three options, to choose consciously and with free will to responsibly lower our population. However, this flies in the face of our biological imperative to procreate. It is further complicated by the ability of modern medicine to extend our longevity, and by the refusal of the Religious Right to consider issues of population management. And then, there is a strong business lobby to maintain a high immigration rate in order to hold down the cost of labor. Though this is probably our best choice, it is the option least likely to be chosen.

Failing to responsibly lower our population, we can force population cuts through government regulations. Is there any need to mention how distasteful this option would be? How many of us would choose to live in a world of forced sterilization and population quotas enforced under penalty of law? How easily might this lead to a culling of the population utilizing principles of eugenics?

This leaves the third choice, which itself presents an unspeakable picture of suffering and death. Should we fail to acknowledge this coming crisis and determine to deal with it, we will be faced with a die-off from which civilization may very possibly never revive. We will very likely lose more than the numbers necessary for sustainability. Under a die-off scenario, conditions will deteriorate so badly that the surviving human population would be a negligible fraction of the present population. And those survivors would suffer from the trauma of living through the death of their civilization, their neighbors, their friends and their families. Those survivors will have seen their world crushed into nothing.

The questions we must ask ourselves now are, how can we allow this to happen, and what can we do to prevent it? Does our present lifestyle mean so much to us that we would subject ourselves and our children to this fast approaching tragedy simply for a few more years of conspicuous consumption?

Author's Note

This is possibly the most important article I have written to date. It is certainly the most frightening, and the conclusion is the bleakest I have ever penned. This article is likely to greatly disturb the reader; it has certainly disturbed me. However, it is important for our future that this paper should be read, acknowledged and discussed.

I am by nature positive and optimistic. In spite of this article, I continue to believe that we can find a positive solution to the multiple crises bearing down upon us. Though this article may provoke a flood of hate mail, it is simply a factual report of data and the obvious conclusions that follow from it.

ENDNOTES

1 Availability of agricultural land for crop and livestock production, Buringh, P. Food and Natural Resources, Pimentel. D. and Hall. C.W. (eds), Academic Press, 1989.
2 Human appropriation of the products of photosynthesis, Vitousek, P.M. et al. Bioscience 36, 1986. http://www.science.duq.edu/esm/unit2-3
3 Land, Energy and Water: the constraints governing Ideal US Population Size, Pimental, David and Pimentel, Marcia. Focus, Spring 1991. NPG Forum, 1990. http://www.dieoff.com/page136.htm
4 Constaints on the Expansion of Global Food Supply, Kindell, Henry H. and Pimentel, David. Ambio Vol. 23 No. 3, May 1994. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. http://www.dieoff.com/page36htm
5 The Tihtening Conflict: Population, Energy Use, and the Ecology of Agriculture, Giampietro, Mario and Pimentel, David, 1994. http://www.dieoff.com/page69.htm
6 Op. Cit. See note 4.
7 Food, Lnd, Population and the U.S. Economy, Pimentel, David and Giampietro, Mario. Carrying Capacity Network, 11/21/1994. http://www.dieoff.com/page55.htm
8 Comparisn of energy inputs for inorganic fertilizer and manure based corn production, McLaughlin, N.B., et al. Canadian Agricultural Engineering, Vol. 42, No. 1, 2000.
9 Ibid.
10 US Fertilizer Use Statistics. http://www.tfi.org/Statistics/USfertuse2.asp
11 Food, Lad, Population and the U.S. Economy, Executive Summary, Pimentel, David and Giampietro, Mario. Carrying Capacity Network, 11/21/1994.http://www.dieoff.com/page40.htm
12 Ibid.
13 Op. Cit.  See note 3.
14 Op. Cit.  See note 7.
15 Ibid.
16 Op. Cit. See note 5.
17 Ibid.
18 Ibid.
19 Ibid.
20 Ibid.
21 Op. Cit. See note 11.
22 Ibid.
23 Ibid.
24 Ibid.
24 Ibid.
25 Op Cit. See note 3.
26 Op Cit. See note 11.
27 Ibid.
28 Ibid.
29 Ibid.
30 Op. Cit. See note 3.
31 Op. Cit. See note 5.
32 Op. Cit. See note 3.
33 Op. Cit. See note 11.
34 Food Consumption and Access, Lynn Brantley, et al. Capital Area Food Bank, 6/1/2001.  http://www.clagettfarm.org/purchasing.html
35 Op. Cit. See note 11.
36 Ibid.
37 Op. Cit. See note 5.
38 Ibid.
39 Ibid.
40 Op. Cit. See note 11.
41 Op. Cit. See note 4.
42 Op. Cit. See note 11.
43 Poverty 2002. The U.S. Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/hhes/poverty/poverty02/pov02hi.html
35 Op. Cit. See note 3.
36 Ibid.
37 Diet for a Small Planet, Lappé, Frances Moore. Ballantine Books, 1971-revised 1991. http://www.dietforasmallplanet.com/
38 Op. Cit. See note 5.
39 Ibid.
40 U.S. and World Population Clocks.  U.S. Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html
41 A Distant Mirror, Tuckman Barbara. Ballantine Books, 1978.
42 Op. Cit. See note 40.

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http://www.rawpaleodiet.org/em/index.html#Preface

http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13551-electroshocking-plants-brings-chemical-rewards.html
28 March 2008
J. American Chemical Society and American Institute of Chemical Engineers (10.1021/bp0703329)

Electroshocking plants brings chemical rewards

by
Phil McKenna

 
It sounds like something an insane doctor might administer to a depressed plant. Electroshock treatment has been used on plants, but as a way of deriving useful biochemicals, not for therapy.

The roots of garden pea plants were exposed to low-level electric current and subsequently produced 13 times more pisatin, an antifungal chemical, than plants that were not exposed to electricity.

Joel Cuello, of the University of Arizona in Tucson, US, says the technique could be used to generate large amounts of chemicals that plants typically only produce in trace amounts as a defense against microbial attack.

It could be adapted, he says, to make an inexpensive and efficient method of producing pharmaceuticals and pesticides.

'No damage'

Cuello came up with the idea of shocking plants after testing a number of other methods to mimic a biological attack in plants that would induce chemical production.

"If [plant] cells are infected with fungi, they produce these chemicals as a response to physiological stress," says Cuello of the garden pea (Pisum sativum). "Anything that stresses the cells should result in overproduction of whatever they produce in response to that stress," he adds.

Similar shock treatments applied to cell cultures of barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) – a plant similar to alfalfa – yielded a 168-fold increase in production of one chemical and at least a two-fold increase in 54 other compounds.

"It's a completely novel approach to stimulate production of bio-chemicals in plants," says Fabricio Medina-Bolivar of Arkansas State University, who was not involved in the study but has examined other methods of eliciting chemical production in plants.

"It really opens the door to producing high-value compounds without damaging plant tissue that could lead to significant reductions in cost in producing these compounds," he says.

Safe method

To shock the plants, Cuello applied a 30 to 100 milliamp current to the growth-medium of plants grown hydroponically, or, in the case of barrel medic, to the solution surrounding the cell cultures.

Other compounds that have been tested to stress plant cells include heavy metals, chemicals such as methyl jasmonate and sodium acetate, and the cell walls of microorganisms.

But these methods have drawbacks: introduced metals and chemical compounds can taint desired plant chemicals and microbe preparation and introduction can be costly and time consuming.

"I thought about electricity because you can optimise the magnitude and exposure time of the current," says Cuello, adding that the current he and colleagues used wouldn't be enough to electrocute a human and doesn't burn the plant's cells.

"You just introduce two electrodes and you can turn it on and off, it's that convenient," he says.
 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/uk_news/england/tyne/7854745.stm
2009/01/28

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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/dmstandard/article.html?in_article_id=431610&in_page_id=1766
6th March 2008

by
GEORGE MAIR and STEVEN HENRY

Funk & W. -- "Fascism : A militaristic form of government characterized by a merger of business and bureaucracy"...

Sound familiar ?

Thomas Jefferson — “I hope that we shall crush in its birth the aristocracy of our monied corporations, which dare already to challenge our government to a trial of strength, and bid defiance to the laws of our country.”

Abraham Lincoln in 1864 — “I see in the near future a crisis approaching that unnerves me and causes me to tremble for the safety of my country. …corporations have been enthroned and an era of corruption in high places will follow, and the money power of the country will endeavor to prolong its reign by working upon the prejudices of the people until all wealth is aggregated in a few hands and the Republic is destroyed.” (1864)

Theodore Roosevelt — “The citizens of the United States must control the mighty commercial forces which they themselves call into being.”

Woodrow Wilson — “Big business is not dangerous because it is big, but because its bigness is an unwholesome inflation created by privileges and exemptions which it ought not to enjoy.”

Franklin D. Roosevelt — “The first truth is that the liberty of a democracy is not safe if the people tolerate the growth of private power to a point where it becomes stronger than their democratic state itself. That, in its essence, is Fascism—ownership of Government by an individual, by a group, or by any other controlling private power.”

Dwight Eisenhower, farewell address — “In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex.”

http://liberty.hypermart.net/cgi-bin/blogs/voices.php/2008/09/27/p29076
09/27/08
   

Vanga predicted break out of Third World War in 2010

by

MacBesT, Pravda & Rfun

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What is “humanure”?
Humanure (human manure) is human fecal material and urine. It is a major source of environmental pollution around the world. It is also a source of disease organisms. When discarded into the environment as a waste material, it creates pollution and threatens public health. When recycled, the pollution and health threats can be eliminated. Humanure also contains valuable soil nutrients that can enhance plant growth. For these reasons, humanure should be recycled whenever possible.

How can humanure be recycled?
Humanure can be recycled in two basic ways. First, it can be applied raw to agricultural land. In this case, humanure may be called “night soil.” Unfortunately, raw applications of human excrement to soil can still create pollution and spread disease, so this method of recycling is strongly discouraged.

The second method of recycling humanure is through a process called “composting.” This is the process used by the humanure compost toilet system described in this manual.

What is composting?
What are organic materials?
How does one feed these materials to compost organisms?
Humanure Toilets

A humanure toilet is a collection device and not a waste disposal device. The purpose of a humanure toilet is to collect human fecal material and urine so that the toilet material can be composted. Also collected in the toilet are all toilet paper as well as paper tubes from the center of the toilet paper rolls (if any). All urine is collected in
the humanure toilet and not diverted for collection elsewhere. Also collected in a humanure toilet are vomit (when sick), and baby diaper fecal material (scraped off the cloth diaper into the humanure toilet). Collect food scraps in a separate compost container and deposit them directly into the same outdoor compost bin. If you collect food scraps in the humanure toilet, you risk a fruit fly infestation.

The humanure toilet should be constructed to look like a normal toilet with a toilet seat. It should be located in a private, comfortable setting, indoors during cold weather or year-round. The collection container should have a minimum 20 liter capacity. When properly used, the humanure toilet will create no unpleasant odors.

How can a humanure toilet not create bad odors?

When any foul smelling material is deposited into a humanure toilet, it is covered with a clean organic material in order to prevent odor, absorb moisture and prepare the material for composting. This is how humanure is mixed with the other organic materials that allow it to be composted — by covering it. No manual mixing, stirring or digging of the humanure is required, only covering. Therefore, the clean organic materials used in the toilet are called “cover materials.” The cover materials used in the toilet should have a somewhat dry and fine consistency. Sawdust from trees (rather than dry boards) is ideal, but other materials can be used depending on what is locally available. Some areas utilize rice hulls, others utilize coco coir, peat moss, rotted leaves, etc., even shredded junk mail. Proper cover materials are absolutely essential to the successful operation of a humanure toilet.

Can wood ashes be used as a cover material?

Wood ashes or coal ashes should not be used as a cover material in humanure toilets, nor should they be used for making compost. Compost organisms do not digest such materials. Clean wood ashes (wood ashes without plastic or other garbage burned in the fire) are good for the soil. They should be spread over a garden area or saved in an outdoor pile or in a fire-proof container for later garden use, but not added to a compost pile.

How much humanure can be collected in a 20 liter container?

A 20 liter container will collect about one week’s worth of human fecal material and urine, including cover material, produced by one adult. Human excrement is mostly liquid. The liquid will fill in the spaces between the cover material as the toilet container fills up. When using a humanure toilet, a clean layer of cover material should be kept over the toilet contents at all times. The simple rule to follow is this: if the toilet contents have an odor, add more cover material until there is no odor.

How is the humanure composted?

The collected toilet material is taken to a compost bin and added to the bin’s contents. If a single adult were using a humanure toilet with a proper cover material, he or she would produce one full toilet receptacle once a week. For an average family of four, four toilet receptacles would be filled per week. For every 20 liter container of toilet material produced, an equal container of organic cover material will be necessary. When the toilet user also composts the toilet material, under normal circumstances, it should take about 20 minutes to empty and clean four toilet containers. The job of humanure composting should be conducted by a single family member who is trained in the use of humanure toilets, although other family members can also assume this responsibility if they have also undergone proper training.

What can you use for a toilet receptacle?
Is one toilet receptacle enough?
Won’t the toilet containers smell bad after they are emptied?
What is the compost pile like?
Why won’t the humanure come into contact with the soil when it is put into the compost bin?
Why would it take 2-6 weeks before the compost begins to work?
Will the compost bin smell bad?
What about rain water? If humanure is not to come into contact with water, should we keep out the rain?
What about freezing?
What else should be put into the compost pile besides toilet materials?
When should a compost pile be started?
How long does it take to fill a bin?
Is this true that a compost pile should be turned periodically with a shovel?
When is the compost ready to be used?
Building a Humanure Toilet

The humanure toilet is only one part of a three part compost toilet system. Those three parts include the toilet, the cover material and the compost bin(s). All three are necessary for the humanure compost toilet system to work properly.

The humanure toilet is a collection device. In order to prevent environmental pollution caused by humanure and in order to compost humanure, it must be collected before it comes into contact with the natural environment.

It is therefore collected in a waterproof container for the purpose of depositing it into a contained composting environment. No composting occurs in the toilet itself. The toilet collection receptacle should be a minimum 20 liters in capacity because this size container can be easily moved by one person when full. If a container of this size is too heavy for one person when full (for example, when moved by a small, elderly person), then the receptacle can be carried and emptied before it is full.

Some compost toilet systems locate the toilet directly above a compost pile to eliminate the need for a portable toilet receptacle. However, this is difficult to do indoors without a long-term odor problem and it is considerably more complicated and expensive than the humanure toilet discussed in these instructions. Therefore, such a system is not the subject of this manual.

The toilet receptacle can be enclosed in a moveable box-like structure, or it can be permanently built into a toilet cabinet for stability and aesthetics. As stated earlier, four receptacles should be used with the toilet and more if the population served by the toilet is greater than four people. Or, for every person who regularly uses the toilet, there should be a toilet receptacle available for use. For an average family of four people, this means four receptacles. The toilet box or cabinet is built to fit the toilet receptacle, which is why it is important to have the receptacles on hand when the toilet is built. Twenty liter (5 gallon) receptacles come in all sizes and shapes. If the toilet is built to fit one particular receptacle, that does not mean it will fit a different receptacle. If a replacement receptacle is two centimeters higher than the original receptacle, for example, then the toilet seat will not go down flat. So begin the toilet construction by first acquiring a minimum of four toilet receptacles, with lids, that are exactly the same size and shape.

Next, build the box or cabinet. A box creates a moveable toilet and a cabinet is permanently built into a wall.

The most convenient form of box or cabinet is one with a hinged lid that allows for easy removal of the compost receptacle. There are a few simple rules to follow when building a toilet box or cabinet. First, the top of the toilet receptacle should nearly come in contact with the bottom of the toilet seat ring. Therefore, the height of the toilet box is critical and the box has to be built to fit the height of the particular container that you have acquired.

Secondly, the front edge of the toilet seat ring should line up with the front edge of the toilet box. These two design elements are important because of human anatomy. If the toilet receptacle does not come nearly into contact with the underside of the toilet ring, then urine can be ejected above the toilet receptacle, especially by young boys while defecating. If the toilet seat ring is situated too far back from the front of the toilet box, then urine can be inadvertently deposited on top of the front of the box, thereby causing it to deteriorate prematurely. For a good, solid, long-term toilet, the top board should be a single piece of wood, such as a piece of exterior plywood. This wood should be painted, varnished, or otherwise sealed for long-term performance and for easy cleaning. The side pieces can be wood, new or salvaged, of various sizes depending on availability and personal preference. The length of the legs is what determines the height of the box. Illustrated instructions on how to build a humanure compost toilet box are available on the internet at humanurehandbook.com. Examples of owner-built humanure compost toilets are also shown, as are video clips of humanure
composting and humanure toilet construction.

Acquiring the Cover Materials
How To Build a Compost Bin

The simplest compost bin would be a single bin of a maximum 1.5 meters square and 1 to 1.5 meters high with an open top and one side removable. The open side should be closed off to animal access. This can be achieved by using removable boards or even bales of hay or straw to close the open side. The open side covering can be raised as the level of the compost rises, in order to hold the compost into the bin. If the top of the compost is accessible to chickens, dogs, etc., it should also be covered. A simple wire mesh cover will prevent the compost from being disturbed by animals and it is easily removable when adding compost to the pile. The compost bin itself can be built from scrap wood boards, wire mesh, bales of hay or straw, other recycled materials, or even masonry materials.

A humanure compost toilet system can be used in the same location for generations. Therefore, the most serious composters will construct a permanent bin. A minimum three bin system is recommended. One bin is filled for a one year period, then it is left to age. Another bin is filled for one year as the first bin ages. The first bin is gradually emptied as the second bin nears filling. By the time the second bin is full, the first bin is empty again and the cycle starts all over. The third bin, which would be the center bin, is used to store cover materials. This bin should be covered in order to keep the cover material dry in the winter months so the material won’t freeze.

A roof over the center bin can also be used for rain water collection, with the water being conveniently used for cleaning compost toilet receptacles. A rain water collection system, however, must be drained during freezing weather.

The bins should be constructed on a slightly concave soil base so leachate, if any, will be contained. The soil base also acts as a conduit for soil organisms to enter the compost.
When scrap lumber is used for the sides of the compost bins, the lumber will eventually rot. When this happens, the lumber should simply be replaced. Do not use lumber that is treated with chemicals for the compost bins. The object of the bins is to provide a suitable home for compost microorganisms. Toxic chemicals do not suit that objective. Examples of compost bins are shown at humanurehandbook.com.

Compost Toilet Collection for Centralized Composting
Compost Monitoring by Government Agencies
Compost Toilet Training Programs
Opportunity for Cottage Industries

For more information: The Humanure Handbook, by Joseph Jenkins, or visit humanurehandbook.com
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