rexresearch.comGarrett MODDEL
ZPE Energy Converter
ZPE Energy Converter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tGRhTXKh8A
Society for Scientific Exploration
Unlocking Zero-Point Energy
This video describes how the energy is harvested, the practical and scientific implications of this, and what the reaction of the scientific community has been so far.
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/3/517/htm
Optical-Cavity-Induced Current
by Garret Moddel, et al.
Abstract
The formation of a submicron optical cavity on one side of a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) tunneling device induces a measurable electrical current between the two metal layers with no applied voltage. Reducing the cavity thickness increases the measured current. Eight types of tests were carried out to determine whether the output could be due to experimental artifacts. All gave negative results, supporting the conclusion that the observed electrical output is genuinely produced by the device. We interpret the results as being due to the suppression of vacuum optical modes by the optical cavity on one side of the MIM device, which upsets a balance in the injection of electrons excited by zero-point fluctuations. This interpretation is in accord with observed changes in the electrical output as other device parameters are varied. A feature of the MIM devices is their femtosecond-fast transport and scattering times for hot charge carriers. The fast capture in these devices is consistent with a model in which an energy ∆E may be accessed from zero-point fluctuations for a time ∆t, following a ∆E∆t uncertainty-principle-like relation governing the process.
https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L022007
Physical Review Research 3, no. 2 (2021): L022007.
Casimir-cavity-induced conductance changes
Garret Moddel ,* Ayendra Weerakkody, David Doroski , and Dylan Bartusiak
Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0425, USA
The differential conductance of metal-insulator-metal devices increases when they are joined with Casimir
cavities. An imbalance in injection of hot charge carriers from each side of the insulator is increased with
thinner cavities that suppress more quantum vacuum modes. The result is an observed increase in conductance.
Additional conductance changes, with insulator thickness and other device parameters, are consistent with an
imbalance-induced injection of hot carriers. In addition to the conductance changes, we observe anomalous
offsets in the current and voltage. We interpret the conductance changes in terms of a E t uncertainty-
principle-like limit to the injection of hot carriers from zero-point fluctuations.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6_KKXTbTyg
Garret Moddel | Extracting Zero-Point Energy: Does it Violate the Second Law?
Society for Scientific Exploration
Using a Casimir injection process, we have demonstrated continuous electrical power production in thousands of devices. Assuming the source of the power is zero-point fluctuations (ZPFs), does this violate the second law of thermodynamics? The answer depends upon the entropy and which version of the law is invoked, and the origin of the ZPFs: (i) the standard quantum view, in which zero-point energy is a ubiquitous fixture; (ii) stochastics electrodynamics, in which the ZPFs are due to classical electromagnetic fields; or (iii) a model in which the ZPFs are ultimately thermal in origin.
Garret Moddel is a professor of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering at the University of Colorado. His research group pursues new energy conversion technologies, and other science at the edges of our understanding. Prior to his academic position he worked in a Silicon Valley solar cell start-up, where he caught the entrepreneurial bug that continues to plague him. Garret earned a BSEE degree from Stanford, and MS and PhD degrees in Applied Physics from Harvard.
WO2020231874A1
SYSTEMS FOR DRIVING THE GENERATION OF PRODUCTS USING QUANTUM VACUUM FLUCTUATIONS
[ PDF ]
AbstractSYSTEMS FOR DRIVING THE GENERATION OF PRODUCTS USING QUANTUM VACUUM FLUCTUATIONS
[ PDF ]
Described herein are systems incorporating a Casimir cavity, such as an optical Casimir cavity or a plasmon Casimir cavity. The Casimir cavity modifies the zero-point energy density therein as compared to outside of the Casimir cavity. The Casimir cavities are paired in the disclosed systems with product generating devices and the difference in zero-point energy densities is used to directly drive the generation of products, such as chemical reaction products or emitted light.
Abstract
Described herein are devices in which quantum noise is reduced, such as by incorporating the devices as part of or adjacent to a Casimir cavity. The devices with reduced quantum noise can be paired with a free-space electric device to allow for a difference in noise power between the two to be captured.
Abstract
Described herein are devices incorporating Casimir cavities, which modify the quantum vacuum mode distribution within the cavities. The Casimir cavities can drive charge carriers from or to an electronic device disposed adjacent to or contiguous with the Casimir cavity by modifying the quantum vacuum mode distribution incident on one side of the electronic device to be different from the quantum vacuum mode distribution incident on the other side of the electronic device. The electronic device can exhibit a structure that permits transport or capture of hot carriers in very short time intervals, such as in 1 picosecond or less.
Abstract
Described herein are devices incorporating plasmon Casimir cavities, which modify the distribution of allowable plasmon modes within the cavities. The plasmon Casimir cavities can drive charge carriers from or to an electronic device adjoining the plasmon Casimir cavity by modifying the distribution of zero-point energy-driven plasmons on one side of the electronic device to be different from the distribution of zero-point energy-driven plasmons on the other side of the electronic device. The electronic device can exhibit a structure that permits transport or capture of carriers in very short time intervals, such as in 1 picosecond or less.
Abstract
A system is disclosed for converting energy from the electromagnetic quantum vacuum available at any point in the universe to usable energy in the form of heat, electricity, mechanical energy or other forms of power. By suppressing electromagnetic quantum vacuum energy at appropriate frequencies a change may be effected in the electron energy levels which will result in the emission or release of energy. Mode suppression of electromagnetic quantum vacuum radiation is known to take place in Casimir cavities. A Casimir cavity refers to any region in which electromagnetic modes are suppressed or restricted. When atoms enter into suitable micro Casimir cavities a decrease in the orbital energies of electrons in atoms will thus occur. Such energy will be captured in the claimed devices. Upon emergence form such micro Casimir cavities the atoms will be re-energized by the ambient electromagnetic quantum vacuum. In this way energy is extracted locally and replenished globally from and by the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. This process may be repeated an unlimited number of times. This process is also consistent with the conservation of energy in that all usable energy does come at the expense of the energy content of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Similar effects may be produced by acting upon molecular bonds. Devices are described in which gas is recycled through a multiplicity of Casimir cavities. The disclosed devices are scalable in size and energy output for applications ranging from replacements for small batteries to power plant sized generators of electricity.