Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube ( III : Patents )
Ranque-Hilsch
Vortex Tube I
Ranque-Hilsch
Vortex Tube II
https://worldwide.espacenet.com
CN202383899 --
Experimental device for second law of thermodynamics
GB708452 --
Improvements in or relating to a system for the cooling of
compressed gas
DE4345137 --
Cooling device using exothermic dynamic expansion process
DE19612691 --
Method for mixing liquid fuel with air
DE102012021576 --
Deterring a workpiece, by supplying a partially heated
workpiece with a cooling medium
DE102009041742 --
Device for generating hot- or cold air for medical
applications...
FR1066484 --
Génératrice à vapeur en circuit fermé
FR2439500 --
Electrical machine with cryogenic cooling vortex tube...
IT1109113 --
Condensable components separation from gas - using vortex
chamber...
RU2415813 -- DEVICE TO
CLEAN WATER OF IMPURITIES
RU2417337 -- METHOD OF
POWER SUPPLY TO AUTONOMOUSLY FUNCTIONING GAS REDUCTION
FACILITIES OF MANIFOLD GAS LINES...
RU2391550 -- FEED
METHOD OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SPARK IGNITION
RU2715946 -- VORTEX
THERMOSTAT
RU2699972 -- SURGICAL
SUCTION DEVICE
US3973396 -- Gas
turbine power plant
US4458494 --
Preventing vaporization of the liquid in a centrifugal
gas-liquid separator
US2008209914 -- Device
for Cooling Electrical Equipment...
US6334841 --
Centrifuge with Ranque vortex tube cooling
US2011056457 --
SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSATION OF LIQUID FROM GAS
AND METHOD OF COLLECTION OF LIQUID
KR100938538 -- Solar
Vortex Chimney Power Plant boosted by Solar Chimney
US1952281 -- METHOD
AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING FROM A FLUID UNDER PRESSURE
TWO CURRENTS OF FLUIDS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES --
Georges Joseph Ranque
EP2107321 -- Method of
controlling a device comprising Hilsch-Ranque vortex tubes
US3672179 -- GAS
LIQUIFACTION
DE4208799 -- Cold treatment of
human and animal body parts...
GB405781 -- An improved
method and apparatus for heating and cooling fluids
JPS5934402 -- ROTOR DEVICE
OF STEAM TURBINE
US3831430 -- DEVICE FOR
MEASURING DENSITY AND DEW POINT OF A GAS
US2009241555 -- METHOD OF
CONTROLLING A DEVICE INCLUDING HILSCH-RANQUE VORTEX TUBES
WO9624808 -- COOLING SYSTEM
WO2005113741 -- VORTEX
TUBE THERMOCYCLER
WO2013095176 -- AIR
CONDITIONER
WO2014163523 --
RADIATION-WAVE CRACKING METHOD AND REACTOR FOR SAME
CA1014077 -- PRESSURE REGULATING
REFRIGERATIVE AIR DRYER SYSTEM
US3208229 -- Vortex tube
US5682749 -- Critical temperature
control with vortex cooling
US4302949 -- Refrigeration and
heating system
US3165149 -- Temperature control
system
US4646524 -- Method of
intensifying heat in reversed Rankine cycle...
GB945252 -- Improvements in or
relating to method and apparatus for cooling utilizing a
vortex tube
CN202383899 [
PDF ]
Experimental
device for second law of thermodynamics
The utility model discloses an experimental device for a second
law of thermodynamics, and is characterized in that: a
high-temperature high-pressure gas generation device is provided
with a gas pressure sensor and a high-temperature high-pressure
gas temperature sensor; an inner part of an unthrottled
Hilsch-Ranque vortex tube is provided with a separating pore,
the unthrottled Hilsch-Ranque vortex tube is in a T shape; a
vertical part of the T-shaped tube is connected with the
high-temperature high-pressure gas generation device, the center
of a horizontal part of the T-shaped tube is provided with a
circular separator plate, the center of the circular separator
plate is provided with the separating pore; an outlet at one
side of the T-shaped tube is provided with a stop valve and a
low-temperature gas temperature sensor which are respectively
used for adjusting an outflow volume of a low-temperature gas
and detecting the temperature of the low-temperature gas at the
auxiliary-side outlet; and the other side of the T-shaped tube
is provided with a high-temperature gas temperature sensor. By
adopting the experimental device of the utility model, a student
can use an ideal gas to approximatively perform a quantitative
estimation, thereby understanding the essence of the second law
of thermodynamics better.
GB708452 PDF ]
Improvements
in or relating to a system for the cooling of compressed gas
Abstract
In a gas cooling and drying apparatus using a vortex tube 15 of
the type described in Specification 405,781, the compressed gas
before its expansion is cooled by the cooled partial current in
a heat exchanger 10, and the cooled partial current amounts to
at least 70 per cent of the total current. The compressed gas
supplied through a pipe 5 is first cooled in a precooler 6, the
separated moisture being removed at 8, and then passes through
the tubes 11 of the heat exchanger 10 and through a pipe 14 to
the tangential nozzle 16 of the Ranque vortex tube 15. Cold air
from the vortex tube passes by a pipe 19 to the heat exchanger
and issues through a pipe 21. Precipitated liquid is removed by
a separator 28. The warm air issuing through the valve 25 of the
vortex tube 15 passes to the place of use through a pipe .23 to
which is also connected the pipe 21. If ice, &c. is formed
two heat exchangers can be used operating alternately. To avoid
the formation of frost a de-icing fluid is distributed by a pipe
27 to a porous substance 29 through which the compressed gas
passes. A de Laval nozzle is used to feed the compressed gas
tangentially into the tube 15, and the gas rotates in the tube
at supersonic speed. The apparatus may be used to dry protective
gases for furnaces.
DE4345137 [ PDF ]
Cooling
device using exothermic dynamic expansion process
Abstract
The cooling device has a double chamber vortex pipe (6) and a
cooling pipe (23), the working fluid (3) fed to one chamber of
the vortex pipe, with part of the fluid vaporised and separated
into hot and cold gas flows (15, 17) via a Ranque-Hilsch effect.
The hot gas flow (15) is delayed by an expansion pipe (22) and
fed to the cooling pipe, where it is cooled, the cold gas flow
(17) fed via a valve to a collection space before mixing with
the cold fluid flow.
DE19612691 [ PDF ]
Method
for mixing liquid fuel with air
Abstract
Method is used in mixing a liquid fuel with air, in which a
vortex tube is employed. The fuel and air are mixed in a
turbulent centrifugal field, for supply to the combustion
chamber. In this method, a Hilsch tube is used. This has
opposite, hot and cold ends, each with restricted
cross-sectional openings. The heated gaseous mixture is
extracted from the hot end. Also claimed is a burner, to carry
out the procedure. Regions near the air or fuel supply may be
heated, or the vortex tube itself is heated.
DE102012021576 [ PDF ]
Deterring
a workpiece, by supplying a partially heated workpiece with
a cooling medium
Abstract
The method comprises supplying a partially heated workpiece with
a cooling medium, and subjecting a deterred area of the
workpiece to a turbulence of a gaseous cooling medium. A cold
gas flow of the cooling medium is created by an eddy-current
generator such as an eddy-current or a vortex pipe and by a
Ranque-Hilsch vortex pipe (7). The workpiece is: deterred within
a cold gas chamber standing in fluid connection with the
eddy-current generator; hardened by an inductive heating; and
surface-hardened or air-hardened after a hot forging process.
The method comprises supplying a partially heated workpiece with
a cooling medium, and subjecting a deterred area of the
workpiece to a turbulence of a gaseous cooling medium. A cold
gas flow of the cooling medium is created by an eddy-current
generator such as an eddy-current or a vortex pipe and by a
Ranque-Hilsch vortex pipe (7). The workpiece is: deterred within
a cold gas chamber standing in fluid connection with the
eddy-current generator; hardened by an inductive heating; and
surface-hardened or air-hardened after a hot forging process.
The turbulence is created by a relative motion of tangential
aligned nozzles and/or the eddy-current generators and the
workpiece. The cooling medium includes a spray mist such as a
compressed air-water mixture. An independent claim is included
for a device for deterring a workpiece.
DE102009041742 [ PDF ]
Device
for generating hot- or cold air for medical applications....
Abstract
The device has a hermetically sealed compressor (2) whose
pressure output is connected with the input of a Ranque-Hilsch
vortex tube (5). The compressor is operated as displacement
machine. One output of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube
communicates with a device-sided connection for warm- or hot air
and another output communicated with a device-sided connection
for cold air.
FR1066484 [ PDF ]
Génératrice
à vapeur en circuit fermé
FR2439500 [ PDF ]
Electrical
machine with cryogenic cooling vortex tube...
Abstract
The rotor (3) has a superconducting winding (7) with cooling
ducts (8) connected to a heat exchanger (26) in the cavity of
the rotor. This rotor contains a Ranque vortex tube (16), a
peripheral outlet of which is connected to a cooling duct in a
thermal-electromagnetic shield (13). The rotor (3) also
comprises two power leads (39) to the rotor, each having one
cooling duct (40) connected to the central outlet (20) of the
Ranque vortex tube. Reducer sections (9, 10) each have one
cooling duct (11, 12) which has its first inlet close to the
superconducting winding (7) and connected with the central
outlet (20) of the Ranque vortex tube. The outlets of these
cooling ducts (11, 12) are connected with the coolant discharge
line (25).
IT1109113 [ PDF ]
Condensable
components separation from gas - using vortex chamber...
Abstract
Condensable products such as water liq. hydrocarbon are
separated from natural gas by expanding the mixt. in a vortex
chamber. Aided by the centrifugal force and the Ranque-Hilsch
vortex effect, a cold and a hot gas stream are extracted,
keeping the pressure ratio between gas intake and hot gas stream
is 1.7 to 7. The cold gas stream is used to cool the mixt.
before it enters. The liq. is extracted from the vortex chamber
when its temperature and composition differs from that of the
gas outflow. This creates a simple way of separating water and
liq. hydrocarbon from natural gas and of minimising the erosion
effect on the separator.
RU2415813 [ PDF ]
DEVICE TO
CLEAN WATER OF IMPURITIES
Abstract
FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to
devices intended for cleaning water of impurities by freezing,
and may be used for sea water desalination. Proposed device
comprises, at least, two chambers for water freezing and its
defrosting made up of vertical hollow cylindrical tanks (1) and
(2) arranged in heatproof cases (3) and (4), while freezing and
defrosting device represents a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube (5)
generating hot and cold airflows intermittently fed into cases
(3) and (4) of cylindrical tanks (1) and (2). Note here that
each said tank is provided with pipeline (6) of treated water,
pipeline (7) to discharge water with impurities and pipeline to
drain purified melt water, all pipelines being equipped with
controlled shut-off valves. ^ EFFECT: increased efficiency of
cleaning.
RU2417337 [ PDF ]
METHOD OF
POWER SUPPLY TO AUTONOMOUSLY FUNCTIONING GAS REDUCTION
FACILITIES OF MANIFOLD GAS LINES...
Abstract
FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: method of power generation
is based on using Ranque-Hilsch and Seebeck effects in
compressed gas reduction. To increase efficiency of power
generation, in thermoelectric module hot and cold flows of low
pressure gas of vortex tube are combined in an ejector, where
hot gas is a working one, and cold gas is the injected flow. ^
EFFECT: provision of power supply to auxiliary needs of
autonomously functioning gas reduction facilities of manifold
gas lines and gas networks of low pressure.
RU2391550 [ PDF ]
FEED
METHOD OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SPARK IGNITION
Abstract
SUBSTANCE: method of power generation is based on using
Ranque-Hilsch and Seebeck effects in compressed gas reduction.
To increase efficiency of power generation, in thermoelectric
module hot and cold flows of low pressure gas of vortex tube are
combined in an ejector, where hot gas is a working one, and cold
gas is the injected flow. ^ EFFECT: provision of power supply to
auxiliary needs of autonomously functioning gas reduction
facilities of manifold gas lines and gas networks of low
pressure.
RU2715946 [ PDF ]
VORTEX
THERMOSTAT
Abstract
FIELD: heating equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat
engineering and can be used in heat exchange equipment, in
particular in thermostats. MRT vortex thermostat, comprising
temperature sensors, electromagnetic valves, MRT heat exchanger,
electromagnetic valve control board, LCD monitor with interface,
control board, which is a microcomputer having input ports for
reading incoming information from temperature sensors and user
commands, wherein the output ports serve to communicate with
solenoid valves and the LCD monitor interface, and additionally
includes a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube connected by means of a
heat-insulated hose with quick-detachable connections to the MRT
heat exchanger through an air receiver.EFFECT: absence of
movable parts of temperature source, which improves reliability
of the model, as well as operation in a wide temperature range.
RU2699972 [ PDF ]
SURGICAL
SUCTION DEVICE
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for suctioning fluids and
gases from surgical wounds and body cavities during surgical and
conservative treatment; the device can also be used in dentistry
as a saliva ejector. The surgical suction device contains a
high-pressure gas source, a gas reducer with pressure gauges,
and a Rank-Hilsch vortex tube. The inlet of the tube is
connected to a high-pressure gas source through a regulating gas
reducer with two pressure gauges and a filter for drying and
cleaning the air. The hot end of the vortex tube with an air
silencer is vented to atmosphere. The cold end of the vortex
tube with an air silencer is equipped with a vacuum gauge and is
connected through a flexible pipeline to the air channel of the
covers of the receiving vessels. The pipeline is made of polymer
and equipped with an antibacterial filter. Simplicity of design,
absence of moving parts are provided, which increases
reliability and fault tolerance. A wide range of working
pressures is achieved.
US3973396 [ PDF ]
Gas
turbine power plant
Abstract
The cooling of a gas turbine is a critical problem and will
consume a considerable quantity of compressed air at the
temperature ordinarily available. To improve the cooling
properties, a portion of the air delivered by the compressor is
divided off and is conveyed to an expansion member, where it is
further divided into a hot and a cold fraction. This cold
fraction, which can have a temperature well below the freezing
point, is used, preferably mixed with air delivered directly
from the compressor, for cooling the turbine inlet means.
US4458494 [ PDF ]
Preventing
vaporization of the liquid in a centrifugal gas-liquid
separator
Abstract
Preventing vaporization of the liquid in a centrifugal
gas-liquid separator
This patent refers to a gas-liquid separation process by
centrifugal force, which takes place in a fast turning vortex
confined in a tube, similar to inventor's former patents.
Against the separating centrifugal force the thermal (Ranque)
effect tends to heat the periphery of the tube and vaporize the
liquid. This improvement refers to a method of preventing the
vaporization of the liquid, either by cooling a short section of
the periphery with a cooling jacket, or by taking out the liquid
at a short distance from the inlet, where the heating effect on
the periphery is minimal, and insulating the liquid from this
heating effect. It also refers to the method of control of this
liquid separation, and the process of using it as a wellhead oil
and gas separator.
US2008209914 [ PDF ]
Device for Cooling Electrical Equipment...
Abstract
A device for cooling electrical or electronic equipment in a
turbomachine, such as a unit for controlling actuators for
variable-geometry elements, the device comprising at least one
vortex tube having an inlet connected to means for feeding
pressurized air taken from an element of the turbomachine, and a
cold air outlet connected to means for cooling the electrical
equipment.
US6334841 [ PDF ]
Centrifuge
with Ranque vortex tube cooling
Abstract
This centrifuge includes a chamber (5), a rotor (6) arranged
therein, a device (8) for driving the rotation of the rotor, and
a device (11) for cooling the atmosphere of the chamber. The
device for cooling the atmosphere of the chamber includes a
Ranque vortex tube (30), a cold outlet (33) which is connected
to one inlet (66) of the chamber. The centrifuge includes a
pressurized-gas supply circuit which is connected to an inlet
(32) of the Ranque vortex tube and which is intended to be
connected to a source (49) of pressurized gas. Application is to
the centrifuging of biological products.
US2011056457 [ PDF ]
SYSTEM
AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSATION OF LIQUID FROM GAS AND METHOD
OF COLLECTION OF LIQUID
Abstract
The present disclosure generally relates to an apparatus for the
condensation of a liquid suspended in a gas, and more
specifically, to an apparatus for the condensation of water from
air with a geometry designed to emphasize adiabatic condensation
of water using either the Joule-Thompson effect or the
Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube effect or a combination of the two.
Several embodiments are disclosed and include the use of a
Livshits-Teichner generator to extract water and unburned
hydrocarbons from exhaust of combustion engines, to collect
potable water from exhaust of combustion engines, to use the
vortex generation as an improved heat process mechanism, to mix
gases and liquid fuel efficiently, and an improved
Livshits-Teichner generator with baffles and external
condensation.
KR100938538 [ PDF ]
Solar Vortex Chimney Power Plant boosted
by Solar Chimney
Abstract
The invention relates
to the solar energy vortex chimney generating station (Solar
Vortex Chimney Power Plant) using only the radiant heat of the
environment-friendly sun. And it served as the buster (Booster)
making the most of the principles of the existing solar energy
chimney (Solar chimney) and first supplied the pressurized
atmosphere to the main part power generation vortex chimney
(Main Power Generation Vortex Chimney). And the cold turbine is
set up in the hot turbine and lower part on the top of the
vortex chimney which secondaries uses the principles of the
existing Vortex tube and it compares with the existing solar
energy chimney and the power generation of the high efficiency
is possible...
US1952281 [ PDF ]
METHOD
AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING FROM A FLUID UNDER PRESSURE TWO
CURRENTS OF FLUIDS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
Georges
Joseph Ranque
The object of my invention is a method for automatically
obtaining, from a compressible fluid (gas or vapour) under
pressure, a current of hot fluid and a current of cold fluid,
that transformation of the initial fluid into two currents of
different temperatures taking place without the help of any
movable mechanical organ, merely through the work of the
molecules of fluid upon one anotner.
The method according to my invention consists essentially in
dividing the fluid under pressure, which is admitted
tangentially into a vessel having the shape of a body of
revolution, into two coaxial sheets of fluid moving with a
gyratory motion and reacting upon each other so as to produce,
under the acticn of centrifugal force, the compression of the
outer sheet by the inner sheet which expands, this compression
absorbing a certain amount of work, which is evidenced by'a rise
in the temperature of the compressed sheet at the expense of the
other sheet, which is thus cocled.
In a practical mode of carrying out this method, the fluid under
pressure is introduced tangentially into a vessel having the
shape of a body of revolution provided with axial orifices
disposed on either side of the fluid inlet. Said fluid is
suitably guided so as to give it a helical motion toward one of
said orifices, the cross section of which is suitably restricted
so as to produce a backward motion of a portion of the fluid
toward the opposite orifice. This produces two sheets of fluids
having opposite axial motions, the inner sheet expanding and
compressing the outer-sheet, thus supplying heat thereto.
A current of hot fluid is thus received through the orifice of
restricted cross section, while a current of cold fluid is
received through the opposite orifice.
Another object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for
carrying out the method above referred to. According to my
invention, this apparatus comprises a chamber having the shape
of a body of revolution the middle part of which is provided
with one or more tangential inlet tubes for the fluid under
pressure. Axial orifices are provided at either end of said
chamber, one of said orifices, toward which the liqf1id, or
fluid is directed through a suitable guiding with a gyratory
motion, having a cross section smaller than that of the sheet of
fluid, so that a portion of the latter is driven back toward the
opposite orifice in such manner that it is caused to flow over
the sheet of fluid that is applied against the wall of the
chamber in question.
(Cl. 62-170) 11952,281 Preferred embodiments of my invention
will be hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying
drawings, given merely by way of example, and in which:
Figs. I to 5 inclusive are diagrammatical views illustrating the
principle of my invention, Fig. 2 being a sectional view on the
line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is a diagrammatical view of an embodiment of my
invention; 6 Fig. 6a is a sectional view on the line 6a-6a of
Fig. 6;
Fig. 7 is a detailed view showing in axial section a practical
embodiment of my invention;
Fig. 7a is a perspective view of the helicoidal guide;
Fig. 8 is a corresponding plan view on a smaller scale;
Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical elevational view of another
embodiment of my invention;
Fig. 10 is an end view corresponding to Fig. 9;
Fig. 11 is a diagrammatical view of another embodiment of my
invention;
Fig. 12 is an end view corresponding to Fig. 11;
Figs. 13 and 14 are diagrammatical views of 8( two other
embodiments of my invention..
The principle on which my invention is based is illustrated by
diagrammatic Figures 1 to 5.
Supposing, as shown in Figs. I and 2, that a tube A B is
provided in its middle part with a tangential inlet pipe 1
through which a current of a compressible fluid,(gas or vapour)
under pressure is sent into said tube, said fluid is given in
said tube a certain linear velocity parallel with the axis of
said tube, said rectilinear movement being combined with a
gyratory movement about the axis of the tube. The fluid flows
toward bcth ends of the tube.
As the fluid is moving away from the inlet pipe, its rectilinear
velocity, which is parallel with the axis x Y of the tube,
increases, and its angular velocity decreases, so that the fluid
spreads along the wall of the tube so as to form a sheet 2
having substantially the shape of a body of revolution about
axis x y (Mg. 3). In 100 said sheet the molecules are subjected
to a pressure which is the higher as they are at a greater
distance frcm the axis of the tube, due to the action of the
centrifugal force. At the same time, the flow of the fluid
produces a substantial 105 f all of pressure in the central zone
of the tube, so that the outer air. which is at the atmospheric
pressure, is drawn toward the central zone of the tube, thus
forming two axial currents 2a (Fig. 4). When the outer air
reaches said cen- 110 tral zone, it is driven back toward the
outside by the fluid moving with a gyratory movement, thus
forming streams 3.
If an annular diaphragm 4, the free central opening 4a of which
has a diameter equal to the minimum diameter of the zone In
which a fall of pressure is produced, as shown in Fig. 5, is
provided in the central part of the tube, on one side of the
tangential inlet pipe, the fluid moving with a gyratory movement
will flow only toward orifice B, carrying along with it the
atmospheric air coming from both orifice A and arifice B. The
method and the apparatus according to my invention are based on
the experimental facts that have just been stated.
In the embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 6a, the apparatus
consists of a chamber 5 having the shape of a body of revolution
about axis x y, the middle part 6 of said chamber being of
restricted cross section and being provided with a tangential
inlet pipe 7 for the fluid (gas or vapour) under pressure. The
inner wall of chamber 5 is provided, opposite the opening of
said pipe, with a helical guiding surface 8. The orifice A of
chamber 5 is freely opened, while the cross section of orifice B
is restricted by a kind of frusto-conical diaphragm or deflector
9, so that the fluid under pressure, admitted through pipe 7, is
only allowed to flow through an annular Soaperture 10, which is
not sufficient for the amount of fluid fed thereto. The fluid
under pressure admitted through pipe 7 and guided by helical
surface 8 is simultaneously given a rectilinear motion which
causes it to move within chamber 6 toward opening 10, and a
rotary motion about axis x y. The sheet of fluid that is
immediately adjacent the wall of the chamber flows out through
said opening 10, while the remainder of the fluid, which is
prevented from flowing out by diaphragm 9 is subjected to the
fall of pressure existing in the central zone of the chamber and
is given a, backward motion toward orifice A. I thus obtain,
according to my invention, a first sheet of fluid 11, moving
with a gyratory motion along the inner wall of the chamber, from
orifice 7 toward orifice B, and a second sheet of fluid 12
moving with a gyratory motion along the inner surface of the
first mentioned sheet in an opposite axial direction, said
second sheet of fluid consisting of the difference between the
amount of fluid admitted through pipe 7 and the amount of fluid
that is allowed to flow out through opening 10.
Said sheet of fluid under pressure 12, which moves with a
gyratory motion not along the rigid wall of chamber 5, but along
the elastic surface of the first mentioned sheet of fluid, tends
on the one hand under the action of the centrifugal, force, and
on the other hand under the effect of the increase of velocity
due to the expansion and to the rotation that take place, to
compress the molecules of the first mentioned sheet of fluid.
That compression absorbs a certain amount of work, which is
evidenced by a loss of heat from the second mentioned sheet to
the benefit of the first mentioned one. Consequently, the
temperature of sheet 12 falls, while the temperature of sheet 11
rises. Finally, there is obtained through orifice 10 a current
of hot fluid, and Ahrough orifice A a current of'cold fluid.
7o The initial guiding of the fluid toward one of the orifices
is necessary for practical purposes in order to obtain an
accurate centering of the central zone of depression or fall of
temperature. In the example above described, that guiding is
7& effected through helical inclined surface 8. The I
following description will show that the same result could be
obtained through other guiding means.
The adjustment of the cross section of the outlet orifice at B,
which can be obtained through any suitable means makes it
possible, by modifying the rates of flow at B and A, to vary the
differences between the temperature of the initial fluid and
those of the hot fluid and of the cold fluid escaping through
outlet orifices B and A respectively.
If, for instance, the cross section of the orifice through which
the hot fluid Is allowed to flow out is considerably restricted,
the rate of flow of the hot fluid is diminished, but the rate of
flow of the cold fluid is simultaneously increased so that the
heat that is given out from one sheet to the other one causes a
considerable rise of the temperature of the hot fluid but a
small fall of the temperature of the cold fluid, as compared
with that of the initial fluid.
Figs. 7 and 7a show a practical embodiment of my invention.
This embodiment comprises a cylindrical chamber 12 in which the
interchange of heat takes I place, and an annular distributing
organ made of two pieces 13-13a which is provided with an inlet
pipe 14 for the fluid under pressure. Said distributing organ
comprises an inner cylindrical chamber 15 connected with
cylinder 12 1 through a frusto-conical surface 16, and with
annular conduit 17 of the distributing organ through a
tangential passage 17a. The guiding helical surface 8 extends
from one edge 17b to the other 17c of the orifice of said
passage. The tangential I passage 17a and the guiding inclined
surface 8 are provided in a separate part 19, provided with
conical surfaces 19a-19b for the centering thereof between parts
13 and 13a of the distributing organ. On the side opposite to
cylinder 12 said I distributing organ is connected with a
cylinder 21 at the end of whic h the current of cold fluid is
received, while the current of hot fluid passing through the
annular orifice provided around conical diaphragm 9 is received
through tube 22.
Figs. 9 to 13 show other embodiments of the means for guiding
the fluid. In the embodiment of Figs. 9 and 10, said guiding is
obtained through several tangential pipes 7a opening into a
frustoconical chamber 23 connected with the working 1 chamber
12.
In the embodiment of Figs. 11 and 12,.the guiding action is
obtained through several pipes 7a opening tangentially into
chamber 12, but which are inclined with respect to the axis x y
of said 1 chamber.
It should be well understood that it is not absolutely
necessary, according to my. invention, that the fluid under
pressure should be admitted tangentially into a chamber having
the shape of 1 a body of revolution in which the fluid is
divided into two coaxial sheets one of which receives from the
other one mechanical work which is transformed into heat. What
is necessary. is to obtain an aimular flow of the fluid moving
with a gyratory movement and any means for obtaining that result
may be obtained according to my invention. In particular, I may
use to this effect directing blades disposed for. instance in an
inlet conduit coaxial with the chamber in which the interchange
of heat takes place.
Furthermore, instead of being provided on either side of the
inlet conduit, the axial orifices through which the two sheets
of liquid escape may be disposed on the same side of said inlet
conduit, the annular orifice for the outflow of the hot fluid
surrounding the outlet orifice for the cold fluid. In such an
arrangement, the two sheets have parallel axial movements in the
same direction, which may be advantageous in some cases for
reducing their mutual friction. Such an arrangement is shown in
ilig. 13 In which the fluid is admitted at one of the ends A of
the chamber A B having the shape of a body of revolution and Is
given a gyratory movement by a plurality of blades 23 disposed
in an annular tube 24. The other end B, of chamber A B is
provided with two concentric orifices 10 and disposed in such
manner that the outer orifice is limited by a diaphragm 9 so
that the fluid moving with a gyratory motion from end A past
blades 23 cannot escape entirely through said orifice 10.
A part of said fluid is compelled to escape through the inner
orifice 25, of smaller diameter, which corresponds to a zone of
lesser pressure.
This causes an expansion of that portion of the fluid and it has
been ascertained experimentally that said expansion starts as
soon as the fluid leaves the directing blades and is continued
as far as orifice 25. According to the laws of gyratory flow,
said expanding sheet compresses the sheet that surrounds it and
that flows out through annular orifice 10 and tube 26. In order
to avoid parasitic entrainments, it is advantageous to give also
to orifice 25 an annular shape by means of a deflector 27, along
which the inner sheet flows before reaching tube 28. To sum up,
tube 28 serves to the outflow of a portion of the fluid that is
cooled by expansion with production of external work and tube 26
serves to the outflow of the remaining portion of the fluid,
which is heated by compression.
Finally, instead of extracting the initial energy that is
necessary for the working of the apparatus, from a compressed
air reservoir, it may be necessary in some cases to make use of
mechanical energy for imparting a gyratory movement to the fluid
and for giving it the superpressure that is necessary for its
flow through the apparatus. To this effect, I may dispose, in
concentric relation with the stationary blades that control the
inlet of fluid, a plurality of movable blades wbich are
mechanically actuated and are disposed in the same manner as the
rotor of an air fan or of a compressor. -Such an arrangement is
diagrammatically shown in Fig. 14 in which the initial energy of
the fluid is not due to a preliminary compression in a separate
apparatus but is imparted thereto in the apparatus itself by
means of a rotor with blades 29 which is mechanically driven by
a shaft 30.
In this embodiment all the other parts are disposed in the same
manner as in the apparatus of Fig. 1, with the exception of
deflector 27 which is replaced by an annular body 31 extending
along the whole length of chamber A B, which is preferable when
the diameter of the latter is relatively large.
While I have described what I deem to be preferred embodiments
of my invention, it should be well understood that I do not wish
to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the
arrangement, disposition and form of the parts without departing
from the principle of my invention. It will be understood that
it is advantageous to reduce the interchanges of heat between
the various parts and between said parts and the outside by
means of suitable heat insulating arrangements. Finally the
adjustment 1,952,281.
of the difference of temperature between the hot sheet of fluid
and the cold sheet may be obtained by modifying the ratio of the
flows of the hot and cold fluids to the initial flow, which may
be produced by modifying the sections or the inlet or outlet
pressure of one of the three currents of fluid. In particular,
in order to increase the temperature of the hot sheet, I may
restrict the section left by diaphragm 9 for the outlet of said
sheet or reduce the rate of flow by means of a valve disposed on
the outlet pipe for the outflow of the heat fluid, or increase
the initial pressure of the fluid admitted into the apparatus or
again act on the section or the pressure at the outlet of the
cold sheet.
EP2107321 [ PDF ]
Method
of controlling a device comprising Hilsch-Ranque vortex
tubes
Abstract
The method involves blocking an expulsion orifice at an end of a
Hilsch-Ranque vortex tube (24) by a tapered relief valve, so
that a fraction of injected compressed air forming an incoming
hot air stream is expelled outside a chamber (12) while another
fraction of the air stream is reflected towards another end of
the tube. The tapered relief valve is preset, so that the
fractions of the air stream are constant during control
operation, and injection pressure of the compressed air is
controlled, where the compressed air is supplied to the tube by
an air accumulator (30) i.e. cylinder. An independent claim is
also included for a device for controlling an air conditioning
device or refrigeration cooling/heating device in a sealed
enclosure in a motor vehicle.
US3672179 [ PDF ]
GAS
LIQUIFACTION
Abstract
A gas under pressure enters a single counter-flow heat exchanger
having a high pressure entrance side and a low pressure exhaust
side, the gas from the high pressure side being connected in
parallel to a number of Ranque tubes in which the gas expands.
The hot and cold streams from the tubes are connected along the
length of the low pressure side of the heat exchanger to
progressively cool gas in the high pressure side until a small
percentage of the gas can be flashed to liquid for storage.
DE4208799 [ PDF ]
Cold treatment of human and animal body parts - by means of
appts. supplying cold dry gas to affected body part
Abstract
Appts. (I) for the medical cold treatment of human or animal
body parts contains a tube (vortex- or Hilsch tube) connected to
an outlet for the cold gas surrounded by a funnel. The funnel is
covered by an airpermeable and water absorbent material. Pref.
the funnel (5) is covered with an inner water absorbing and an
outer water repellant layer that are bound to a multilayer
textile (6). The material covering is pref. detachable from the
funnel rim. The funnel is detachable from the vortex tube (1)
and is made fro either a hard material such as metal or plastic
or from a flexible material such as silicone rubber or rubber.
The material coverin gthe funnel opening has elastic properties
and additionally is covered by an air permeable foam or mesh
layer. The water absorbing material is composed of cotton and/or
modified acrylate and the water repellant material is composed
of polyamide, polyester or propylene. USE/ADVANTAGE - Use of (I)
allows a physically therapeutic cooling of body parts without
unpleasant sensation by the application of a dry coldness in an
exact and reproducible manner. (I) may be used with compressed
air thereby eliminating the hazards of toxic gas inhalation and
flammability.
GB405781 [ PDF ]
An improved method and apparatus for heating and cooling
fluids
Abstract
A current of fluid under pressure is directed with a rotary
motion along the inner surface of a cylinder 12, Figs. 9, 10,
and the outer layer of fluid, which is heated by compression due
to centrifugal action is drawn off through an annular orifice 10
at one end of the cylinder, while the inner layer, which is
cooled by expansion, is deflected and drawn off at the other end
of the cylinder. In modifications the tangential inlet passages
7<a> are replaced by rotating or stationary helical vanes
23, Fig. 13, and the cooled layer of fluid is withdrawn through
an annular opening 25 concentric with outlet 10 for the hot
layer.
JPS5934402 [ PDF ]
ROTOR
DEVICE OF STEAM TURBINE
Abstract
PURPOSE:To provide a cooling means without causing any
possibility of decreasing stage performance further without
causing any possibility of inducing a problem of strain and
strength due to the unevenness of temperature distribution, by
constituting a vortex tube in a space in the shaft center of a
turbine rotor. CONSTITUTION:A part of working fluid is allowed
to flow into a chamber 25 from a nozzle 16 opened to a root part
in the downstream side of a disc 8 holding a moving blade 7 in
the second stage, and the fluid of low temperature in the center
part of a shaft is allowed to flow through an orifice plate 15
and isolated to a chamber 26, while the fluid of high
temperature in the peripheral side is left in the chamber 25.
The high temperature fluid 23 is fluidized to heat the internal
part of a turbine rotor 9 and released to the outside via a
discharge hole 17 at the high temperature side, while the low
temperature fluid 24 is fluidized while cooling the internal
part of the turbine rotor 9 and discharged to the outside from a
discharge hole 18 at the low temperature side.
US3831430 [ PDF ]
DEVICE
FOR MEASURING DENSITY AND DEW POINT OF A GAS
Abstract
This invention uses a vortex tube or Hilsch tube in combination
with a thermocouple to determine the apparent molecular weight
or density of a gas mixture and the dew point of the gas
mixture. The thermocouple has a flat planar configuration with
one side highly polished for accurately indicating the dew
point. The cold gas which is extracted from the Hilsch tube is
used to cool the polished thermocouple until frost or dew is
formed on the thermocouple. This indicates the dew point of the
gas surrounding the polished surface of the thermocouple. The
temperature of the thermocouple continues to drop until it
indicates the exhaust temperature of the cold gas from the
Hilsch tube. This output temperature is a function of the
pressure and temperature of the incoming gas and the density of
the gas. Thus if the incoming gas temperature and pressure are
held constant the exhaust gas temperature is a function of the
density of the gas mixture.
US2009241555 [ PDF ]
METHOD OF CONTROLLING A DEVICE INCLUDING HILSCH-RANQUE
VORTEX TUBES
Abstract
A method of controlling a device for air conditioning (80)
or cooling by refrigeration (10) or heating the interior of a
sealed chamber (12), the device (10, 80) including at least one
compressed air source (16, 30) which supplies at least one
Hilsch-Ranque tube (24), called "vortex" tube, with compressed
air at an injection pressure (Pinj), is characterized in that a
tapered relief valve (48) of the tube (24) is preset so that the
first (FC) and second (FF) fractions of cold and hot air are
constant while the method is running and in that it includes a
step (E3, C4) for controlling the compressed air injection
pressure (Pinj). A device for implementing such a method is also
described.
WO9624808 [ PDF ]
COOLING
SYSTEM
Abstract
The system comprises a heat exchanger (WT), a
pressure-relief valve (D), a separator (S) and a cooling vortex
tube (KWR), i.e. a Ranque and Hilsch vortex tube supplemented by
a separate hot flow cooler (WK) and a hot flow return line (WR)
with a regulating valve (RV2). These components are arranged
relative to one another such that a flow of compressed fluid,
i.e. liquid, mixed liquid-vaporized or vaporized, working medium
which arrives at ambient temperature is expanded exothermically,
i.e. releasing heat into its environment, forming a
liquid-vapour mixture or a vapour. The working medium can be a
pure substance or a mixture of substances.
WO2005113741 [ PDF ]
VORTEX
TUBE THERMOCYCLER
Abstract
A thermal cycling apparatus (10) utilizes hot and cold gas
streams produced from pressurized gas being passed through a
Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube (20) to efficiently and rapidly cycle
samples (70) (i.e., DNA+Primer+Polymerse) between the
denaturation, annealing, and elongation temperatures of the PCR
process. The samples (70) are disposed within a reaction chamber
(40) that, through connection with a vortex tube (20), allows
the gas to contact the samples (70). The temperature of the gas
that is allowed to contact the samples (70) is controlled by a
valving system (30) being connected with the vortex tube (20)
and the reaction chamber (40). The valving system (30) controls
the flow of cold gas into the reaction chamber (40) where it is
mixed with the hot gas to establish the different temperatures
required for the denaturation, annealing, and elongation steps
of the cycle.
WO2013095176 [ PDF ]
AIR CONDITIONER
Abstract
The air conditioner relates to air-conditioning systems
using vortex tubes and comprises the following, mounted in a
housing: a compressed-air blower (2), a vortex tube (4), a
vortex disperser (6), a vortex contact evaporator (5), a vortex
humidifier (7), a water container (8) and a piping system (12)
with distributing valves (13 - 16), said system providing for
appropriate connection of the above-mentioned components. The
air conditioner can additionally also comprise an ionizer (27)
and a heat exchanger (9) with a fan (10). A process for cooling
the air conditionable in such an air conditioner is divided into
two processes: cooling by using the Ranque-Hilsch effect in the
vortex tube (4) and additionally by endothermically evaporating
a finely dispersed liquid in the vortex contact evaporator (5)
and in the vortex humidifier (7), which, by reducing the volume
of air in both the evaporator and the humidifier and
intensifying the heat-exchange processes, makes it possible to
increase the efficiency of the cooling process as a whole.
WO2014163523 [ PDF ]
RADIATION-WAVE
CRACKING METHOD AND REACTOR FOR SAME
Abstract
The processing of petroleum and petroleum products involves the
spraying thereof in a gas vortex flow formed in the peripheral
near-wall portion of a cylindrical reactor with the occurrence
of the Ranque effect, and subjecting the vortex flows to an
ionizing radiation of accelerated electrons and to super-high
frequency electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the near-axis
vortex flow and, partially, the near-wall vortex flow are guide
CA1014077 [ PDF ]
PRESSURE REGULATING REFRIGERATIVE AIR DRYER SYSTEM
US3208229 [ PDF ]
Vortex tube
US5682749 [ PDF ]
Critical temperature control with vortex cooling
Abstract
Variations in the air outlet temperature of a vortex cooler
which varies with the inlet temperature and pressure are
maintained within precise limits by a thermocouple electrically
connected to a feedback loop which controls the vortex inlet air
pressure in response to the signal from the thermocouple. A
pneumatic inlet air control valve, along with a microprocessor
based transmitter/controller and an I/P Converter pneumatically
connected to the vortex inlet air control valve comprise the
feedback loop. This maintains the cold air outlet temperature of
the cooler within one degree of the desired temperature, despite
fluctuations in the inlet air pressure and temperature.
US4302949 [ PDF ]
Refrigeration and heating system
Abstract
A turbine assembly 100 is disclosed for dividing a stream of
gaseous working fluid into two streams, one stream having a
higher temperature than the other. A heating and refrigeration
system incorporating the turbine assembly 100 is also disclosed.
US3165149 [ PDF ]
Temperature control system
US4646524 [ PDF ]
Method of intensifying heat in reversed Rankine cycle
and reversed Rankine cycle apparatus for conducting the same
Abstract
A reversed Rankine cycle system, wherein a vortex tube is
disposed between the compressor and the condenser in a reversed
Rankine cycle, the superheated vapors of coolant at a high
pressure discharged from the compressor are taken out while
separating them by the vortex tube into higher and lower
temperature components through energy separation to render most
of the portion thereof into superheated vapors of coolant at a
higher temperature and the remaining portions into vapors of
coolant at a lower temperature respectively, and the superheated
vapors of coolant separated to the higher temperature side are
introduced into the circuit on the higher temperature side of
the condenser and condensated therein, while the vapors of
coolant separated to the lower temperature side are recycled to
the system, of the cycle, preferably, to the circuit on the
lower temperature side of the condenser. Heat may be supplied
from the atmospheric air or from the compressor to the vapors of
coolant from the lower temperature side of the vortex tube or,
in the case where the temperature of the coolant on the lower
temperature side is high, excess heat may be recovered therefrom
by a heat exchanger for heat absorption.
GB945252 [ PDF ]
Improvements in or relating to method and apparatus for
cooling utilizing a vortex tube
Abstract
A vortex tube has its inlet connected to atmosphere and its
outlets connected to one or more suction-producing devices so
that it operates at sub-atmospheric pressure. At least the cold
outlet is connected to the suction inlet of an I.C. engine
through a heat exchanger. As shown in Fig. 1, ambient air flows
to inlet 30 through air-cleaner 50 and also through control
valve 29 to the carburetter 27 of a petrol engine 20 having two
suction pipes 22, 23 the latter being connected to the
carburetter and the former being connected through heat
exchanger 26 with the cold outlet 24 of the vortex tube. Cooling
air for the passenger space of the vehicle driven by the engine
may be blown over the heat exchanger. The hot outlet 28 of the
tube is also connected to the inlet of the carburetter. If the
engine be diesel, it has three suction pipes connected directly
to ambient air, to the hot outlet of the tube, and to the cold
outlet via the heat exchanger. In a modification, the cold
outlet is connected to the intake of an I.C. engine driving a
suction-producing device the inlet of which is connected to the
hot outlet of the tube.
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